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== History ==
Community practice in social work is linked with the historical roots of the professions beginning in the United States. More specifically, the history of community-based social work evolveshas evolved from the charity organization society (COS), and the settlement house movementmovements. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_work#History]] However, during the earlier half of the 20th century, much of this work focused on institutionalization. Not until the 1960s did athe shift from institutions to communities exacerbate the emphasis on community-based program design. This is known as the era of [[deinstitutionalization]]<ref>Tausig, M. Michello, J., & Subedi, S. (2003) A Sociology of Mental Illness. Pearson: New York, NY</ref>.
Also, ''informal'' community-based programs predate human service applications toof this approach.<ref>Delgado, M. (1999). Social work practice in nontraditional urban settings. Oxford University Press. Oxford, New York.</ref> [[Melvin Delgado]], in 1999, illustratesillustrated this point by quoting Harper (1990) regarding African-American's provision of health care in the community, stating: "Blacks have always cared for the sick at home, yet it was never laveled 'home care.' Blacks have been dying at home and receiving care in the proces, yet it was never called 'hospice care.' Blacks have relieved each other from the caring and curing processes, yet it was never seen as 'respite care.' Blacks have cared for each other in their homes, in their neighborhoods, and throughout their communities, yet it was never referred to as 'volunteerism.'"<ref>Harper, B.C.O. (1990). Blacks and the health care delivery system: Challenges and prospects, Social work practice with black families. White Plains, NY.</ref>
Community-based organizations and community-based programs burgeoned during the period of deinstitutionalization. The poor conditions of mental health institutions and an increasing amount of research that illustrated the benefits of maintaining the relationships of the individuals served within the community surfaced to further the growth of community-based programs. (for more, see: [[deinstitutionalization]]
Formally, community -based program development has been professionalized by such disciplines as city planners, [[urban studies and planning]], [[social work]], and...
=== Incomplete list of notable contributors to the community-based approach ===
* [[Paulo Freire]]
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