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==Active student involvement==
Because it falls under the more general rubric of [[communicative language teaching]] (CLT), the CBI classroom is learner rather than teacher centered (Littlewood, 1981). In such classrooms, students learn through doing and are actively engaged in the [[learning]] process. They do not depend on the teacher to direct all learning or to be the source of all information. Central to CBI is the belief that learning occurs not only through exposure to the teacher's input, but also through [[peer group|peer]] input and interactions. Accordingly, students assume active, social roles in the classroom that involve interactive learning, [[negotiation]], information gathering and the co-construction of meaning (Lee and VanPatten, 1995). William Glasser's "control theory" exemplifies his attempts to empower students and give them voice by focusing on their basic, human needs: Unless students are given power, they may exert what little power they have to thwart learning and achievement through inappropriate behavior and mediocrity. Thus, it is important for teachers to give students voice, especially in the current educational climate, which is dominated by standardization and testing (Simmons and Page, 2010).<ref>{{cite journal
|first=Simmons
|last=Amber, Page, Melissa
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