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The radial distribution function is an important measure because several key thermodynamic properties, such as potential energy and pressure can be calculated from it.
For a 3-D system where particles interact via pairwise potentials, the potential energy of the system can be calculated as follows:<ref name=softmatter>{{cite book|last=Frenkel|first=Daan; Smit, Berend|title=Understanding molecular simulation from algorithms to applications|year=2002|publisher=Academic Press|___location=San Diego|isbn=0122673514|edition=2nd ed.}}</ref>
<math>PE=\frac{N}{2}4\pi\rho\int^{\infty}_0r^2u(r)g(r)dr </math>
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