Scandinavia: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 10:17, 12 July 2006

Revision as of 10:37, 12 July 2006

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|{{Scandinavia}}

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<!--Please do not make edits that try to convey the idea that inclusion of Finland or various Norwegian and Danish territories in the term Scandinavia is "RIGHTwrong". Read the lengthy discussions about this matter on the talkpage before editing.-->

'''Scandinavia''' is a [[subregion|region]] in [[Northern Europe]] named after the [[Scandinavian Peninsula]]. The most common definition includes continental [[Denmark]], mainland [[Norway]] and [[Sweden]]. Sometimes, [[Finland]] is included even in official contexts, although after the 1850s this inclusion divides opinions in all of the respective states. This is sometimes reflected with the usage of the term "[[Fennoscandia]]", mainly a [[geology|geological]] term.

'''Scandinavia''' is a [[subregion|region]] in [[Northern Europe]], witch include [[Denmark]], [[Norway]] and [[Sweden]].

These countries share the same [[Scandinavian languages]] and much of their culture and history.

Sometimes is the term Scandinavia wrongly used by forigners as The [[Nordic countries]], and in reverse order.

The [[Nordic countries]] include Denmark, Finland, [[Iceland]], Norway (including [[Svalbard]]), Sweden and associated autonomous territories ([[Åland]], [[Faroe Islands]] and [[Greenland]]).

[[Image:ScandinaviaColour3.png]]

== Terminology and usage ==

[[Image:Scandinavia ___location map definitions.PNG|thumb|left|Red: the three monarchies that compose Scandinavia according to the strictest definition; Orange: the extended usage; Yellow: the maximum extent that can be considered "Scandinavia".]]

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==Geography==

:''See also [[Geography of Denmark]], [[Geography of Norway]], [[Geography of Sweden]] and [[Geography of SwedenFinland]].''

[[Image:scandinavia.jpg|thumb|right|Map of Scandinavia and [[Northern Europe]].]]

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=== Historical political structure ===

{| class="wikitable"

|- bgcolor=#f6faff align=center

|- bgcolo

|'''Century'''||colspan=6|'''Scandinavia''' and the Nordic Countries

|-

| width=10% bgcolor=#f6faff align=center | [[21th century|21st]]

| width=14% colspan=1 bgcolor=gold align=center|[[Denmark]] ([[EU]])

| width=14% colspan=1 rowspan=2 bgcolor=#ffc0c0 align=center|[[Faroes]]

| width=14% colspan=1 rowspan=2 bgcolor=#fafaff align=center|[[Iceland]]

| width=14% colspan=1 rowspan=2 bgcolor=#ccccff align=center|[[Norway]]

| width=14% colspan=1 bgcolor=gold align=center|[[Sweden]] ([[EU]])

| width=14% colspan=1 bgcolor=gold align=center|[[Finland]] ([[EU]])

|- bgcolor=#f6faff align=center

|[[20th century|20th]]

| bgcolor=#ffc0c0 align=center|[[Denmark]]

| bgcolor=#ffff80 align=center|[[Sweden]]

| bgcolor=#efffef align=center|[[Finland]]

|- bgcolor=#f6faff align=center

| [[19th century|19th]]

| colspan=3 bgcolor=#ffc0c0|[[Denmark]]

| colspan=2 bgcolor=#ffff80|[[Sweden-Norway]]

| bgcolor=#ff8080|''[[Grand Duchy of Finland|GD&nbsp;of&nbsp;Finland]]''

|- bgcolor=#f6faff align=center

| [[18th century|18th]]

| rowspan=3 colspan=4 bgcolor=#ffc0c0|[[Denmark-Norway]]

| rowspan=3 colspan=2 bgcolor=#ffff80|[[Sweden]]

|- bgcolor=#f6faff align=center

| [[17th century|17th]]

|- bgcolor=#f6faff align=center

| [[16th century|16th]]

|- bgcolor=#f6faff align=center

| [[15th century|15th]]

|colspan=6 bgcolor=#fff8f8|[[Kalmar Union]]

|- bgcolor=#f6faff align=center

| [[14th century|14th]]

| rowspan=3 bgcolor=#ffc0c0|[[Denmark]]

| colspan=3 rowspan=2 bgcolor=#ccccff|[[Norway]]

| rowspan=3 colspan=2 bgcolor=#ffff80|[[Sweden]]

|- bgcolor=#f6faff align=center

| [[13th century|13th]]

|- bgcolor=#f6faff align=center

| [[12th century|12th]]

| bgcolor=#fafaff|[[Faroes]]

| bgcolor=#fafaff|[[Icelandic Commonwealth|Icelandic&nbsp;CW]]

| bgcolor=#ccccff|[[Norway]]

|- bgcolor=#f6faff align=center

|Peoples||[[Danes]]||[[Faroese]]¹||[[Icelanders]]¹||[[Norwegians]]||[[Swedes]]||[[Finns]]

|}

<small>1/ The original settlers of the [[Faroes]] and [[Iceland]] were of Nordic (mainly Norwegian) origin, with a considerable element of [[Celt|Celtic]] or [[Picts|Pictish]] origin (from [[Scotland]] and [[Ireland]]) .</small>

==The Nordic Countries vs. Scandinavia==

{{main|Nordic countries}}

As with other regions of the world, the usage and meaning of the term 'Scandinavia' can be misunderstood and misused. Therefore some or all of the following geopolitical entities may be considered peripherally Scandinavian, since they may be believed to have had strong political, social, economic, linguistic and/or geographical ties with the three kingdoms. [[Image:Fennoscandia.png|thumb|Scandinavia, Fennoscandia, and the [[Kola Peninsula]].]]

*[[Finland]] (a [[Sovereignty|sovereign]] [[republic]] since 1917)

*[[Iceland]] (a [[Sovereignty|sovereign]] [[republic]] since 1944)

and

*[[Faroe Islands]] (an [[Autonomous entity|autonomous]] region of Denmark since 1948)

*[[Greenland]] (a [[self-governance|self-governing]] Danish territory since 1979)

*[[Jan Mayen]] (an integrated geographical body of Norway)

*[[Svalbard]] (under Norwegian [[sovereignty]] since 1920)

*[[Åland]] (an [[Autonomous entity|autonomous]] province of Finland since 1920)

Putting it another way, Scandinavia can be seen as a subset of the Nordic countries.

The term ''the [[Nordic countries]]'' - ''Norden'' in Danish, Norwegian and Swedish, ''[[Pohjola]]'' in Finnish, ''Norðurlond'' in [[Icelandic language|Icelandic]] - is used unambiguously for the [[monarchy|kingdoms]] of Norway, Sweden and Denmark and the [[republic]]s of Finland and Iceland.

The terms ''Fennoscandia'' and ''Fenno-Scandinavia'' have been used either to include the Scandinavian peninsula, the [[Kola peninsula]], [[Karelia]], [[Finland]] and (seldom) [[Denmark]] under the same term, alluding to the [[Baltic Shield|Fennoscandian Shield]], even though Denmark is on the [[North European Plain]].

==See also==

*[[Nordic region]]

*[[Baltic region]]

*[[Thule]]

*[[Northern Europe]]

*[[Scandza]]

*[[Nordic Cross Flag]]

== Footnotes ==

<references/>

== External links ==

*[http://www.norden.org/ Nordic Council]

*[http://www.nordregio.se/stats.htm NordRegio Statistics] - A collection of thematic maps of Nordic and Baltic countries

*[http://www.tacitus.nu/historical-atlas/scandinavia/ Historical Atlas of Scandinavia]

*[http://www.northerner.com Scandinavian Food, Gifts and Crafts]

*[http://www.pinetreedevelopment.net/scandinavia Scandinavia Files] - Introduction and facts on Nordic culture and life.

*[http://www.travel-scandinavia-tourism.com/ Travel Scandinavia] - Lot's of info about scandinavian countries.

*[http://www.scandinaviahouse.org/ Scandinavia House] - The Nordic Center in America.

*[http://downloads.raileurope.com/map_europe/scandinavia.html A Railway map of Scandinavia] - Comes in handy with an [http://www.interrail.nl/index.html Interrail Ticket] ( Page in Dutch )

{{Region}}

[[Category:Scandinavia|Scandinavia]]

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[[zh:斯堪的纳维亚]]