The '''Logical Framework Approach (LFA)''' is a management tool mainly used for designing, [[Monitoring and Evaluation|monitoring, and evaluating]] [[international development]] projects. Variations of this tool are known as '''Goal Oriented Project Planning (GOPP)''' or '''Objectives Oriented Project Planning (OOPP)'''.
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==Description==
The Logical Framework takes the form of a four-by-four project table. The four rows are used to describe four different types of events that take place as a project is implemented: ''Activities'', ''Outputs'', ''Purpose'' and ''Goal'' (from bottom to top on the left hand side — see EC web site under external links). The four columns provide different types of information about the events in each row. The first column is used to provide a ''Narrative'' description of the event. The second column lists one or more ''Objectively Verifiable Indicators'' (OVIs) of these events taking place. The third column describes the ''Means of Verification'' (MoV) where information will be available on the OVIs, and the fourth column lists the ''Assumptions''. Assumptions are external factors that could have an influence, (positivelywhether positive or negatively)negative, on the events described in the narrative column. The list of assumptions should include thosethe factors that potentiallyhave a potential impact on the success of the project, but which cannot be directly controlled by the project or program managers. In some cases these may include what could be ''killer assumptions'', which if proved wrong will have major negative consequences for the project. A good project design should be able to substantiate its assumptions, especially those with a high potential to have a negative impact.
===Temporal logic model===
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*If this Purpose is achieved, and these Assumptions hold, then this Goal will be achieved.
These are viewed as a hierarchy of hypotheses, with the project/ or program manager sharing responsibility with higher management for the validity of hypotheses beyond the output level. Thus, Rosenberg brought the essence of scientific method to non-scientific endeavors.
The "Assumptions" column is important in clarifying the extent to which the project or program objectives depend on external factors, and greatly clarify "[[force majeure]]" — of particular interest when the [[Canadian International Development Agency]] (CIDA) at least briefly used the LFA as the essence of contracts.{{Clarification needed|reason = Too technical for the average reader.|date = January 2015}}
