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==CFP standardization==
The CFP transceiver is specified by a [[multi-source agreement]] (MSA) between competing manufacturers. The CFP was designed after the [[small form-factor pluggable transceiver]] (SFP) interface, but is significantly larger to support 100 Gbit/s. While the electrical connection of a CFP uses {{nowrap|10 x 10 Gbit/s}} lanes in each direction (RX, TX)<ref name="CFP1.4">{{Cite web | title=CFP MSA Hardware Specification, Rev. 1.4 | url=http://www.cfp-msa.org/Documents/CFP-MSA-HW-Spec-rev1-40.pdf | accessdate=2010-07-02}}</ref> the optical connection can support both {{nowrap|10 x 10 Gbit/s}} and {{nowrap|4 x 25 Gbit/s}} variants of 100 Gbit/s interconnects (typically referred to as 100GBASE-SR10 in 100 meter MMF, 100GBASE-LR10 and 100GBASE-LR4 in 10 km SMF reach, and 100GBASE-ER10 and 100GBASE-ER4 in 40 km SMF reach respectively.)<ref>{{Cite web | title=Operational Considerations for Deploying 100 Gigabit Ethernet | url=http://www.nanog.org/meetings/nanog51/presentations/Monday/NANOG51.Talk32.hankins-nanog51-100-gbe.pdf | accessdate=2012-01-12}}</ref>
In March 2009, [[Santur Corporation]] demonstrated a 100 Gigabit pluggable CFP transceiver prototype.<ref>{{cite web |title= Santur Delivers the World’s First 100Gb/s Transceiver Platform for Client Connectivity Based on Photonic Intelligent Integration |url=http://www.santurcorp.com/pressrel_03-23-09b.htm |date= March 23, 2009 |work= news release |archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/5iQH3sIGw |archivedate= July 20, 2009 |deadurl=yes |accessdate= May 27, 2013 }}</ref>
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The original CFP specification was proposed at a time when 10Gbps signals were far more achievable than 25Gbps signals. As such to achieve 100Gbps line rate, the most affordable solution was based on 10 lanes of 10Gbps. However as expected, improvements in technology has allowed higher performance and higher density. Hence the development of the CFP2 and CFP4 specifications. While electrical similar, they specify a form-factor of 1/2 and 1/4 respectively in size of the original specification. Note that CFP, CFP2 and CFP4 modules are not interchangeable (but would be inter-operable at the optical interface with appropriate connectors).
=== CFP<ref name="CFP1.4" /> ===
* 148 pin electrical connection
* integrated digital signal processor within package
* less than 24W power usage
* 10x10G or
=== CFP2<ref>{{Cite web | title=CFP2 MSA Hardware Specification, Rev. 1.0 | url=http://www.cfp-msa.org/Documents/CFP2_HW-Spec-rev1.0.pdf | accessdate=2015-04-17}}</ref>===
* 104 pin electrical connection
* no digital signal processor in package, relies on host card
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* 10x10G or 4x25G or 8x25G lanes
=== CFP4<ref>{{Cite web | title=CFP4 MSA Hardware Specification, Rev. 1.0 | url=http://www.cfp-msa.org/Documents/CFP2_HW-Spec-rev1.0.pdf | accessdate=2015-04-17}}</ref> ===
* 56 pin electrical connection
* no digital signal processor in package, relies on host card
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* 10x10G or 4x25G lanes
=== MSA 5"x7" (Gen 1)<ref>{{Cite web | title=
Coherent Optics Modules | url=http://www.ofcconference.org/library/images/ofc/2014/Market%20Watch%20and%20SPS/4-Srivastava-Market-Watch-OFC2013.pdf | accessdate=2015-04-17}}</ref> ===
* 168 pin electrical connection (design for being built into line card)
* digital signal processor within package
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