Utente:L'inesprimibile nulla/Sandbox 2: differenze tra le versioni
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Riga 59:
=== Materiale ===
Nonostante fosse ancora in esilio, è attestato che nel [[480 a.C.]] andò da [[Egina]], dove si trovava, a [[Salamina (isola)|Salamina]] per avvertire [[Temistocle]] a riguardo degli spostamenti della flotta persiana, facendo appello a lui per la riconciliazione: secondo quanto da lui riportato, la flotta persiana era già entrata nello stretto la sera prima del combattimento.
when he made his way from Aegina with news of the Persian movements for Themistocles at Salamis, and called on him to be reconciled. In the battle itself he did good service by dislodging the enemy, with a band raised and armed by himself, from the islet of Psyttaleia. In 479 he was strategus, the chief, it would seem, but not the sole (Plut. Arist. 11, but comp. 16 and 20, and Herod. ix.), and to him no doubt belongs much of the glory due to the conduct of the Athenians, in war and policy, during this, the most perilous year of the contest. Their replies to the proffers of Persia and the fears of Sparta Plutarch ascribes to him expressly, and seems to speak of an extant ψήφισμα Ἀριστείδου embracing them. (100.16.) So, too, their treatment of the claims of Tegea, and the arrangements of Pausanias with regard to their post in battle. He gives him further the suppression of a Persian plot among the aristocratical Athenians, and the settlement of a quarrel for the ἀριστεῖα by conceding them to Plataea (comp. however on this second point Hdt. 9.71); finally, with better reason, the consecration of Plataea and establishment of the Eleutheria, or Feast of Freedom. On the return to Athens, Aristeides seems to have acted in cheerful concert with Themistocles, as directing the restoration of the city (Heracl. Pont. 1); as his colleague in the embassy to Sparta, that secured for it its walls; as proposing, in accordance with his policy, perhaps also in consequence of changes in property produced by the war, the measure which threw open the archonship and areiopagus to all citizens alike. In 477, as joint-commander of the Athenian contingent under Pausanias, by his own conduct and that of his colleague and disciple, Cimon, he had the glory of obtaining for Athens the command of the maritime confederacy: and to him was by general consent entrusted the task of drawing up its laws and fixing its assessments. This first φόρος of 460 talents, paid into a common treasury at Delos, bore his name, and was regarded by the allies in after times, as marking their Saturnian age. It is, unless the change in the constitution followed it, his last recorded act. He lived, Theophrastus related, to see the treasury removed to Athens, and declared it (for the bearing of the words see Thirlwall's Greece, iii. p. 47) a measure unjust and expedient. During most of this period he was, we may suppose, as Cimon's coadjutor at home, the chief political leader of Athens. He died, according to some, in Pontus, more probably, however, at home, certainly after 471, the year of the ostracism of Themistocles, and very likely, as Nepos states, in 468. (See Clinton, F. H. in the years 469, 468.)▼
Mentre i generali del Re cercavano di incalzare la flotta avversaria, gli ignari comandanti greci continuavano, invece, la loro riunione.<ref name=VIII78>{{cita|Erodoto|VIII, 78}}.</ref> [[Aristide]], generale [[ostracismo|ostracizzato]] dal popolo ma richiamato ai primi sentori della guerra, si recò da Temistocle e, chiamatolo in disparte, lo informò dell'assedio persiano, dicendo che neanche se i suoi uomini avessero voluto avrebbero potuto ritirarsi.<ref name=VIII79>{{cita|Erodoto|VIII, 79}}.</ref> Dopo aver specificato come l'assedio persiano fosse stato favorito dalle scelte fallaci di Temistocle, questo invitò Aristide a riferire lui stesso la notizia ai generali, affinché quelli non credessero che stesse mentendo per interesse.<ref name=VIII80>{{cita|Erodoto|VIII, 80}}.</ref> Riferita a tutto l'esercito l'evoluzione della situazione,<ref name=VIII81>{{cita|Erodoto|VIII, 81}}.</ref> i generali greci si interessarono più che altro a una trireme che solo allora era arrivata da [[Tenea]] dopo aver disertato dall'esercito persiano.<ref name=VIII82>{{cita|Erodoto|VIII, 82}}.</ref>
Trattandosi di una battaglia navale, quella di Salamina non vide grandi azioni campali, eccezion fatta per la piccola manovra condotta da Aristide sull'isoletta di Psittalia, che portò all'uccisione dei Persiani lì appostati.<ref name=VIII95>{{cita|Erodoto|VIII, 95}}.</ref>
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A tomb was shewn in Plutarch's time at Phalerum, as erected to him at the public expense. That he did not leave enough behind him to pay for his funeral, is perhaps a piece of rhetoric. We may believe, however, that his daughters were portioned by the state, as it appears certain (Plut. 27; comp. Dem. c. Lept. 491. 25), that his son Lysimachus received lands and money by a decree of Alcibiades; and that assistance was given to his grand-daughter, and even to remote descendants, in the time of Demetrius Phalereus. He must, so far as we know, have been in 489, as archon eponymus, among the pentacosiomedimni : the wars may have destroyed his property; we can hardly question the story from Aeschines, the disciple of Socrates, that when his poverty was made a reproach in a court of justice to Callias, his cousin, he bore witness that he had received and declined offers of his assistance; that he died poor is certain. This of itself would prove him possessed of an honesty rare in those times; and in the higher points of integrity, though Theophrastus said, and it may be true, that he at times sacrificed it to his country's interest, no case whatever can be adduced in proof, and he certainly displays a sense, very unusual, of the duties of nation to nation.
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