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Sietse Snel (talk | contribs) →Multilevel Modeling versus RM-ANOVA: add missing author information to reference |
m Remove blank line(s) between list items per WP:LISTGAP to fix an accessibility issue for users of screen readers. Do WP:GENFIXES and cleanup if needed. Discuss this at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Accessibility#LISTGAP |
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*'''Fixed Effects:''' Fixed regression coefficients may be obtained for an overall equation that represents how, averaging across subjects, the subjects change over time.
*'''Random Effects:''' Random effects are the variance components that arise from measuring the relationship of the predictors to Y for each subject separately. These variance components include: (1) differences in the intercepts of these equations at the level of the subject; (2) differences across subjects in the slopes of these equations; and (3) covariance between subject slopes and intercepts across all subjects. When random coefficients are specified, each subject has its own regression equation, making it possible to evaluate whether subjects differ in their means and/or response patterns over time.
*'''Estimation Procedures & Comparing Models:''' These procedures are identical to those used in multilevel analysis where subjects are clustered in groups.
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*'''Adding Predictors to the Model:''' It is possible that some of the random variance (i.e. variance associated with individual differences) may be attributed to fixed predictors other than time. Unlike RM-ANOVA, multilevel analysis allows the use of continuous predictors (rather than only categorical), and these predictors may or may not account for individual differences in the intercepts as well as for differences in slopes. Furthermore, multilevel modeling also allows time-varying covariates.
*'''Alternative Specifications:'''
:*''Covariance Structure:'' Multilevel software provides several different covariance or error structures to choose from for the analysis of multilevel data (e.g. autoregressive). These may be applied to the growth model as appropriate.
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*{{cite book|first1=Jacob|last1=Cohen|first2=Patricia|last2=Cohen|first3=Stephen G.|last3= West|first4=Leona S.|last4= Aiken |year=2002|title=Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences|publisher=Routledge Academic|isbn=9780805822236|edition=3.}}
*{{cite journal|last=Curran|first=Patrick J. |author2=Obeidat, Khawla |author3=Losardo, Diane|title=Twelve Frequently Asked Questions About Growth Curve Modeling|journal=Journal of Cognition and Development|year=2010|volume=11|issue=2|pages=121–136|doi=10.1080/15248371003699969}}
*{{cite book|last1=Fidell|first1=Barbara G.|last2= Tabachnick|first2= Linda S.|title=Using Multivariate Statistics|year=2007|publisher=Pearson/A & B|___location=Boston ; Montreal|isbn=0205459382|edition=5th}}
*{{cite journal|last=Hoffman|first=Lesa|author2=Rovine, Michael J.|title=Multilevel models for the experimental psychologist: Foundations and illustrative examples|journal=Behavior Research Methods|year=2007|volume=39|issue=1|pages=101–117|doi=10.3758/BF03192848}}
*{{cite book|last=Howell|first=David C.|title=Statistical methods for psychology|year=2010|publisher=Thomson Wadsworth|___location=Belmont, CA|isbn=978-0-495-59784-1|edition=7th}}
*{{cite book|last=Hox|first=Joop|authorlink=Joop Hox|title=Multilevel and SEM Approached to Growth Curve Modeling|year=2005|publisher=Wiley|___location=Chichester|isbn=978-0-470-86080-9|url=http://joophox.net/publist/ebs05.pdf|edition=[Repr.].}}
*{{cite journal|last=Overall|first=John E.|author2=Tonidandel, Scott|title=Analysis of Data from a Controlled Repeated Measurements Design with Baseline-Dependent Dropouts|journal=Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences|year=2007|volume=3|issue=2|pages=58–66|doi=10.1027/1614-2241.3.2.58}}
*{{cite journal|last=Overall|first=John|coauthors=Ahn, Chul, Shivakumar, C., Kalburgi, Yallapa|title=PROBLEMATIC FORMULATIONS OF SAS PROC.MIXED MODELS FOR REPEATED MEASUREMENTS|journal=Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics|year=2007|volume=9|issue=1|pages=189–216|doi=10.1081/BIP-100101008}}
*{{cite journal|last=Quené|first=Hugo|author2=van den Bergh, Huub|title=On multi-level modeling of data from repeated measures designs: a tutorial|journal=Speech Communication|year=2004|volume=43|issue=1-2|pages=103–121|doi=10.1016/j.specom.2004.02.004}}
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