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=== Dopo la prima guerra mondiale ===

Successivamente alla prima guerra mondiale non vi furono grandi cambiamenti dell'estensione della rete ferroviaria canadese; d'altro canto la politica aggressiva di espansione perseguita in concorrenza reciproca si era rivelata disastrosa finanziariamente e lo scoppio della guerra aveva drasticamente ridotto l'entità dei trasporti passeggeri per il calo dell'immigrazione e delle merci trasportate.

The years after the First World War saw only moderate expansion of the rail network and the age of the great railways were over in Canada

Gli anni venti portarono anche un nuovo sempre più temibile concorrente, il trasporto su strada.

Vennero poste quindi le premesse per la nazionalizzazione delle ferrovie in cattive condizioni economiche che avevano accumulato un debito complessivo di più di 2 miliardi di dollari; furono costituite le [[Canadian Government Railways]] per la gestione transitoria di Intercolonial, National Transcontinental e molte piccole compagnie.

Nel [[1923]] il governo costituì [[Canadian National Railway]] mediante fusione delle reti Grand Trunk, Grand Trunk Pacific, Canadian Northern e National Transcontinental.

Poiché la maggior parte delle attrezzature venivano importate dalla Gran Bretagna o dagli Stati Uniti e la maggior parte dei prodotti trasportati provenivano da aziende agricole, miniere o foreste era poco incentivata la produzione interna. Tuttavia le ferrovie erano state essenziali per la crescita delle regioni delle praterie in cui si coltivava il grano e allo sviluppo dell'industria estrattiva di carbone, del legname e della fabbricazione della carta.

In 1923 the government merged the Grand Trunk, Grand Trunk Pacific, Canadian Northern and National Transcontinental lines into the new the Canadian National Railways system. Since most of the equipment was imported from Britain or the U.S., and most of the products carried were from farms, mines or forests, there was little stimulation to domestic manufacturing. On the other hand, the railways were essential to the growth of the wheat regions in the Prairies, and to the expansion of coal mining, lumbering, and paper making. Improvements to the St. Lawrence waterway system continued apace, and many short lines were built to river ports.<ref>M. L. Bladen, Construction of Railways in Canada to the Year 1885," ''Contributions to Canadian Economics'' Vol. 5 (1932), pp. 43–60; [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0383-6258%281932%295%3C43%3ACORICT%3E2.0.CO%3B2-V in JSTOR]; Bladen, "Construction of Railways in Canada Part II: From 1885 to 1931," ''Contributions to Canadian Economics'' Vol. 7 (1934), pp. 61–107; [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0383-6258%281934%297%3C61%3ACORICP%3E2.0.CO%3B2-R in JSTOR]</ref>

I miglioramenti del sistema del canale navigabile di San Lorenzo continuarono e furono costruite molte brevi linee ferroviarie a supporto<ref>M. L. Bladen, Construction of Railways in Canada to the Year 1885," ''Contributions to Canadian Economics'' Vol. 5 (1932), pp. 43–60; [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0383-6258%281932%295%3C43%3ACORICT%3E2.0.CO%3B2-V in JSTOR]</ref>

<ref>Bladen, "Construction of Railways in Canada Part II: From 1885 to 1931," ''Contributions to Canadian Economics'' Vol. 7 (1934), pp. 61–107; [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0383-6258%281934%297%3C61%3ACORICP%3E2.0.CO%3B2-R in JSTOR]</ref>

This aggressive expansion proved disastrous when immigration and supplies of capital all but disappeared with the outbreak of the [[First World War]]. The [[Canadian Northern]], [[Grand Trunk Pacific]], and Grand Trunk were nationalized by the federal government, which absorbed the debt of over two billion dollars. All three railways, along with the [[Canadian Government Railways]] (formed by the Intercolonial, [[National Transcontinental]], and several smaller lines) were then merged into the [[Canadian National Railways]] in 1923.

. The automobile provided strong competition by the 1920s, and after the [[Second World War]] most passenger service was lost to [[airlines]]. During the post-war period several large resource lines were opened in Quebec, Labrador, and British Columbia – several of which are not directly connected to the main North American network.

In 1978 the government created [[Via Rail]] which took over all national passenger service in the country. In November 1995 the government privatized CN.

==Note==

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