Vector inversion generator: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 07:55, 5 August 2017

Revision as of 05:16, 4 March 2018

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Discrete component VIGs (pictured) consist of a stack of well-coupled common mode chokes interconnected with a stack of capacitors. The inductors present a high inductance to currents that are in-phase in the two windings, and a far lower inductance when the winding currents are flowing in opposite directions. The capacitors are charged with alternating polarity and when the switch (usually a triggered or free running spark gap in practice) is closed the voltage across every second capacitor rapidly inverts as a half cycle of oscillation at a frequency set by the capacitance resonating with the differential mode inductance of the chokes. At the same time the other capacitors discharge very slowly due to not having a differential current flowing to cancel the reactance.

So after a half period, all the capacitors are in series and the voltages add.

This arrangement has a conceptual equivalence to the distributed component spiral VIG, with the alternating capacitors representingbeing theequivalent twoto transmissionthe linescapacitance ofbetween alternatingthe polaritywindings and the spiralcommon turnsmode representingchokes successivebeing equivalent to the inductance of stackeda stageswinding.

Discrete components allow large lumped capacitors to be used thus storing much more energy, but have difficulty replicating the high voltage multiplication ratios and extremely short rise times of spiral transmission line types.

A spiral VIG consists of four alternating conductor-insulator-conductor-insulator sheets, wound into a cylinder, forming a [[capacitor]] also acting as a single-ended [[transmission line]], connected to a [[spark gap]] switch. The capacitor is charged from a power source, e.g. thean [[Explosive-driven ferroelectric generator|EDFEG]], then the spark gap fires after its [[breakdown voltage]] is reached. The [[electromagnetic wave]] created by the [[electric spark]] discharge travels along the transmission line, converting [[electrostatic field]] to [[electromagnetic field]], then after reflecting from the open end converts back to electrostatic field. A pulse of output amplitude 2nU (where n is the number of turns of the capacitor and U is the initial voltage it was charged to) and a rise time equal to twice the [[electrical length (transmission medium)|electrical length]] of the transmission line.<ref>http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/post_prints/pdf/physics_09007dcc80588630.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.boliven.com/patent/US7151330/drawings</ref><ref>http://shadaly.com/vector_inversion_generator_4507567.html</ref> The device acts as a distributed [[pulse forming network]].

[[Ferrite (magnet)|Ferrite]]s can be attached to the VIG construction to modify its characteristics.<ref>http://www.findthatpatent.com/Apparatus_and_method_for_generating_high_voltages_using_a_voltage,7151330.html</ref>

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The use of VIGs includes [[directed-energy weapon]]s, [[x-ray]] pulse power supplies, [[plasma (physics)|plasma]] generators, etc.

VIGs canare simple enough to be constructed by high-voltage hobbyists.<ref>http://4hv.org/e107_plugins/forum/forum_viewtopic.php?43795.last</ref><ref>http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?action=printable&fid=6&tid=6032</ref>

==References==