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<ref>{{cite web
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|archive-url = https://www.webcitation.org/65pUExcXt?url=http://www.aacsla.com/specifications/specs091/AACS_Spec_Prerecorded_0.91.pdf
|archive-date = 1 March 2012
|dead-url = yes
|df = dmy-all
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=== Volume IDs ===
Volume IDs are unique identifiers or serial numbers that are stored on pre-recorded discs with special hardware. They cannot be duplicated on consumers' recordable media. The point of this is to prevent simple bit-by-bit copies, since the Volume ID is required (though not sufficient) for decoding content. On Blu-ray discs, the Volume ID is stored in the [[ROM-Mark|BD-ROM Mark]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aacsla.com/specifications/AACS_Spec_BD_Prerecorded_0.912.pdf |title=Blu-ray Disc Pre-recorded Book |accessdate=2007-11-01 |date=27 July 2006
To read the Volume ID, a cryptographic [[Public key certificate|certificate]] (the ''Private Host Key'') signed by the AACS LA is required. However, this has been circumvented by modifying the firmware of some HD DVD and Blu-ray drives.<ref name=arstechnica-aacs>{{cite web
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Once the MKB is decrypted, it provides the Media Key, or the ''km''. The ''km'' is combined with the Volume ID (which the program can only get by presenting a cryptographic certificate to the drive, as described above) in a one-way encryption scheme (AES-G) to produce the Volume Unique Key (''Kvu''). The ''Kvu'' is used to decrypt the encrypted title keys, and that is used to decrypt the encrypted content.<ref name=arstechnica-aacs /><ref>{{cite web
|url = http://www.aacsla.com/specifications/specs091/AACS_Spec_Common_0.91.pdf
|title = Advanced Access Content System (AACS): Introduction and Common Cryptographic Elements
|accessdate = 2007-06-05
|date = 17 February 2007
|work = AACS Licensing Administrator
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070302130221/http://www.aacsla.com/specifications/specs091/AACS_Spec_Common_0.91.pdf
|archive-date = 2 March 2007
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=== Analog Outputs ===
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=== Audio watermarking ===
On 5 June 2009, the licensing agreements for AACS were finalized, which were updated to make [[Cinavia]] detection on commercial Blu-ray disc players a requirement.<ref>{{Cite press release | title = AACS Issues Final Agreements, Enabling Commercial Deployment of Cinavia in Blu-ray Disc Players | publisher = Verance | date = 5 June 2009 | url = http://www.verance.com/AdminSavR/news/news_item.php?news_id=42 | accessdate = 11 October 2010 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091009025320/http://www.verance.com/AdminSavR/news/news_item.php?news_id=42 | archive-date = 9 October 2009 | dead-url = yes | df = dmy-all }}</ref>
===Managed Copy===
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The AACS LA consortium was founded in 2004.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://archive.wired.com/entertainment/music/news/2004/07/64212 |title=Can Odd Alliance Beat Pirates? |accessdate=2015-01-20 |author =Katie Dean |date=15 July 2004 |work=Wired }}</ref> With [[DeCSS]] in hindsight, the ''[[IEEE Spectrum]]'' magazine's readers voted AACS to be one of the technologies most likely to fail in the January 2005 issue.<ref>{{cite web
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|date = January 2007
|work = Spectrum Online
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The final AACS standard was delayed,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/id,123924-page,1/article.html |title=Toshiba Hints at HD-DVD Delay |accessdate=2007-10-19 |author=Martyn Williams |date=14 December 2005 |work=pcworld.com |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071005171717/http://www.pcworld.com/article/id%2C123924-page%2C1/article.html |archivedate=5 October 2007 |deadurl=no }}</ref> and then delayed again when an important member of the Blu-ray group voiced concerns.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.heise.de/english/newsticker/news/69559 |title=AACS copy protection for Blu-ray disc and HD DVD delayed again |accessdate=2007-10-19 |author =Craig Morris |date=14 February 2006 |work=heise.de | archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20071102222432/http://www.heise.de/english/newsticker/news/69559| archivedate= 2 November 2007 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> At the request of Toshiba, an interim standard was published which did not include some features, like managed copy.<ref name=pcworld-burning-questions /> As of 15 October 2007, the final AACS standard had not yet been released.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.contentagenda.com/article/CA6491476.html |title=AACS still trying to manage copying |accessdate=2007-10-25 |author =Paul Sweeting |date=15 October 2007 |work=contentagenda.com}}</ref>
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* [http://www.aacsla.com/specifications/ AACS specifications]
* [http://forum.doom9.org/showthread.php?t=122363 Understanding AACS], an introductory forum thread.
* [http://www.isan.org ISAN homepage], ISAN as required in the Content ID defined in AACS [https://web.archive.org/web/20070302130221/http://www.aacsla.com/specifications/specs091/AACS_Spec_Common_0.91.pdf Introduction and Common Cryptographic Elements rev 0.91]
* [http://www.videolan.org/developers/libaacs.html libaacs], an open source library implementing AACS
* [http://www.metzdowd.com/pipermail/cryptography/2007-May/012313.html Hal Finney on 'AACS and Processing Key'], [[Hal Finney (cypherpunk)|Hal Finney]]'s post on metzdowd.com cryptography mailing list
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