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→Cluster technologies: - Many langauges other than C and Fortran implement MPI. MM5? *That's* the canonical example? |
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Two other noteworthy early commercial clusters were the ''Tandem Himalaya'' (a circa [[1994]] high-availability product) and the ''IBM S/390 Parallel Sysplex'' (also circa [[1994]], primarily for business use).
No history of commodity compute clusters would be complete without noting the pivotal role played by the development of [[Parallel Virtual Machine]] (PVM) software in [[1989]]. This [[open source software]] based on [[TCP/IP]] communications enabled the ''instant'' creation of a virtual supercomputer -- a high performance compute cluster -- made out of any TCP/IP connected systems. Free form heterogeneous clusters built on top of this model rapidly achieved total throughput in [[FLOPS]] that greatly exceeded that available even with the most expensive "[[big iron]]" supercomputers. PVM and the advent of inexpensive networked PC's led, in[[1993]], to a [[NASA]] project to build supercomputers out of commodity clusters. In [[1995]] the [http://www.beowulf.org/overview/history.html invention of the "beowulf"-style cluster] -- a [[Beowulf (computing)|compute cluster]] built on top of a commodity network for the specific purpose of "being a supercomputer" capable of performing tightly coupled parallel HPC computations. This in turn spurred the independent development of [[Grid computing]] as a named entity, although Grid-style clustering had been around at least as long as the [[Unix]] operating system and the Arpanet, whether or not it, or the clusters that used it, were named.
==Cluster technologies==
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