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Space time codes may be split into two main types:
*[[Space–time trellis code]]s (STTCs)<ref name="construction">{{cite journal|author1=Vahid Tarokh |author2=Nambi Seshadri |author3=A. R. Calderbank |last-author-amp=yes |title=Space–time codes for high data rate wireless communication: Performance analysis and code construction|journal=IEEE Transactions on Information Theory|pages=744–765|volume=44|issue=2|date=March 1998|doi=10.1109/18.661517}}</ref> distribute a [[convolutional code|trellis code]] over multiple antennas and multiple time-slots and provide both coding gain and [[diversity reception|diversity gain]].
*[[Space–time block code]]s (STBCs)<ref name="alamouti">{{cite journal|author=S.M. Alamouti|title=A simple transmit diversity technique for wireless communications|journal=IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications|pages=1451–1458|volume=16|issue=8|date=October 1998|doi=10.1109/49.730453}}</ref><ref name="orthog">{{cite journal|author1=Vahid Tarokh
STC may be further subdivided according to whether the receiver knows the [[channel (communications)|channel]] impairments. In [[coherent space-time code|coherent STC]], the receiver knows the channel impairments through training or some other form of estimation. These codes have been studied more widely, and [[division algebras]]<ref name="divalg">{{cite journal|author1=B.A. Sethuraman |author2=B. Sundar Rajan |author3=V. Shashidhar |last-author-amp=yes |title=Full-diversity, high-rate space-time block codes from division algebras|journal=IEEE Transactions on Information Theory|pages=2596–2616|volume=49|issue=10|date=October 2003|doi=10.1109/tit.2003.817831}}</ref> over number fields have now become the standard tool for constructing such codes.
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