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In contrast to classical block codes that often specify an error-detecting or error-correcting ability, many modern block codes such as [[LDPC codes]] lack such guarantees. Instead, modern codes are evaluated in terms of their bit error rates.
Most [[forward error correction]] codes correct only bit-flips, but not bit-insertions or bit-deletions.
In this setting, the [[Hamming distance]] is the appropriate way to measure the [[bit error rate]].
A few forward error correction codes are designed to correct bit-insertions and bit-deletions, such as [[marker codes|Marker Codes]] and [[watermark codes|Watermark Codes]].
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[[Category:Error detection and correction]]
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