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The ‘command’ is the presentation of quality standards/targets by a government authority that must be complied with. The ‘control’ part signifies the negative sanctions that may result from non-compliance e.g. prosecution.<ref name="Baldwin"/><ref name="abbot">Abbot, C. (2009) The Regulatory Enforcement and Sanctions ACT 2008. ''Environmental Law Review 38''</ref>
CAC encompasses a variety of methods. Influencing behaviour through: laws, incentives, threats, contracts and agreements. In CAC, there is a perception of a problem and the solution for its control is developed and subsequently implemented.<ref name="holling">Holling, C., Meffe, G. (1996) Command and Control
In the case of environmental policy and regulation, the CAC approach strongly relies on the use of standards to ensure the improvements in the quality of the environment. The CAC approach uses three main types of standards. These are ambient standards, emission standards, and technology standards. Although these standards can be used individually, it is also possible to use the standards in combination. In fact, in most pollution control programs, it is the case where there is a combination of standards being implemented.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Field|first1=Barry|last2=Field|first2=Martha|title=Environmental economics: An introduction|date=2017|publisher=McGraw-Hill Education|___location=New York, NY}}</ref>
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