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==Overview==
The seven tools are:{{sfn|Tague|2005|p=15}}<ref>{{harvnb|Ishikawa|1985|p=198|ps=: "Elementary Statistical Method (the so-called Seven Tools) 1. Pareto chart: The principle of vital few; trivial many 2. Cause and effect diagram (This is not precisely a statistical technique) 3. Stratification 4. Check sheet 5. Histogram. 6. Scatter diagram (analysis of correlation through determination of median; in some instances, use of binomial probability paper) 7. Graph and control chart (Shewhart control chart)".}}</ref>{{sfn|Imai|1986|pp=239–240|ps=: "The seven statistical tools used for such analytical problem-solving are: 1. Pareto diagrams ... 2. Cause-and-effect diagrams ... 3. Histograms ... 4. Control charts ... 5. Scatter diagrams ... 6. Graphs ... 7. Checksheets."}}
*[1[Check sheet]]
*[[Ishikawa diagram|Cause-and-effect]] diagram (also known as the "fishbone" or Ishikawa diagram)▼
*[2[
*[3[Stratified sampling|Stratification]] (alternately, [[flow chart]] or [[run chart]])▼
*[4[
*[5[
▲*[6[Ishikawa diagram|Cause-and-effect]] diagram (also known as the "fishbone" or Ishikawa diagram)
*[7[Scatter plot|Scatter diagram]]
▲*[[Stratified sampling|Stratification]] (alternately, [[flow chart]] or [[run chart]])
The designation arose in [[postwar Japan]], inspired by the [[Benkei#Seven Famous Weapons|seven famous weapons]] of [[Benkei]].{{sfn|Ishikawa|1990|p=98|ps=: "They were named the Seven QC Tools after the famous seven weapons of the Japanese [[Kamakura period|Kamakura-era]] warrior-priest Benkei which enabled Benkei to triumph in battle; so too, the Seven QC Tools, if used skillfully, will enable 95% of workplace problems to be solved. In other words, intermediate and advanced statistical tools are needed in about only 5% of cases."}} It was possibly introduced by [[Kaoru Ishikawa]] who in turn was influenced by a series of lectures [[W. Edwards Deming]] had given to Japanese engineers and scientists in 1950.<ref>{{cite web |last=Moore |first=Matthew |date=30 November 2007 |title=The Seven Basic Tools of Quality |url=http://www.improvementandinnovation.com/features/article/seven-basic-tools-quality/ |website= Improvementandinnovation.com |___location=London |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019014101/http://www.improvementandinnovation.com/features/article/seven-basic-tools-quality/ |archive-date=19 October 2012 |access-date=18 May 2013}}</ref> At that time, companies that had set about training their workforces in [[quality control|statistical quality control]] found that the complexity of the subject intimidated most of their workers and scaled back training to focus primarily on simpler methods which suffice for most quality-related issues.{{sfn|Ishikawa|1985|p=18|ps=: "It is true that statistical methods are effective, but we overemphasized their importance. As a result, people either feared or disliked quality control as something very difficult. We overeducated people by giving them sophisticated methods where, at that stage, simple methods would have sufficed."}} The [[Project Management Institute]] references the seven basic tools in ''[[A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge]]'' as an example of a set of general tools useful for planning or controlling project quality.{{sfn|Project Management Institute|2013|pp=236–238}}
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The seven basic tools stand in contrast to more advanced statistical methods such as [[survey sampling]], [[acceptance sampling]], [[statistical hypothesis testing]], [[design of experiments]], [[multivariate analysis]], and various methods developed in the field of [[operations research]].{{sfn|Ishikawa|1985|pp=198–199|ps=: "I divide statistical methods into the following three categories according to their level of difficulty. 1. Elementary Statistical Method (the so-called Seven Tools) ... 2. Intermediate Statistical Method ... 3. Advanced Statistical Method (using computers concurrently)".}}
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==See also==
* [[A3 problem solving]]
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