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==Syntactic similarities==
By comparing [[Hawaiian Creole]], [[Haitian Creole]] and [[Sranan]], Bickerton identified twelve features which he believed to be integral to any creole:{{Citation needed|date=February 2008}}
*Sentence structure: [[subject–verb–object]] word order, with similar mechanisms for using word order to apply [[Focus (linguistics)|focus]] to one of these constituents.
*Articles: [[definite article]] applied to specific and identified noun phrase, [[indefinite article]] applied to specific and newly asserted noun phrase, and zero for nonspecific noun phrase.{{Dubious |Talk articles|date=February 2017}}
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{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Child
!colspan=2|Creole
|-
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!colspan="3" style="background:#A89A9A"|Nonstative
!colspan="3" style="background:#81BFBE"|Stative
|-
!
|'''Hawaiian Creole'''||'''Haitian Creole'''||'''Sranan'''||'''Hawaiian Creole'''||'''Haitian Creole'''||'''Sranan'''
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|li renmen
|a lobi
|-
!Nonpunctual (he is/was walking)
|he stay walk
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==Proposed empirical study==
Bickerton proposed in 1976 an empirical test of his theory, which involved putting families speaking mutually unintelligible languages on a previously uninhabited island for three years. Federal funding for the test was obtained, but the experiment was cancelled over concerns that [[informed consent]] could not be obtained, given the breadth of unknown possible hazards of participation.<ref>[http://www.pri.org/stories/2009-04-24/linguistic-island-experiment A linguistic island experiment.] The World, Public Radio International, 24 April 2009.</ref>
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|first= Derek
|authorlink=Derek Bickerton
|title=Roots of Language
|publisher=Karoma Publishers
|year=1981
|isbn=0-89720-044-6
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|first= Derek
|authorlink=Derek Bickerton
|year=1983
|title=Creole Languages
|journal=Scientific American
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*{{citation
|last=McWhorter
|first=John H.
|authorlink=John McWhorter
|year=1992
|title=Substratal influence in Saramaccan serial verb construction
|journal=Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages
|volume=4
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|volume=1
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}
[[Category:Pidgins and creoles]]
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