TurnKey Linux Virtual Appliance Library: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 04:43, 17 September 2019

Revision as of 22:28, 29 September 2019

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The '''Turnkey Linux Virtual Appliance Library''' is a [[Free software|free]] [[Open-source software|open source]] project which has developed a range of [[Debian]]-based pre-packaged server [[software appliances]] (a.k.a. [[virtual appliance]]s). Turnkey appliances can be deployed as a [[virtual machine]] (a range of [[hypervisors]] are supported), in [[Cloud computing|cloud computing infrastructures]] (including [[Amazon Web Services|AWS]] and others) or installed in physical computers.

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** [[VMDK]] - "VM" in Turnkey Linux download mirrors - As above, but packaged as a zip containing a VMDK vHDD as well as a VMX (legacy VMware vm config file). Runs on [[Kernel-based Virtual Machine|KVM]]/[[QEMU]]<ref name="KVM">{{cite web |title = Using default VM build with KVM | work = TurnKey GNU/Linux docs | accessdate = 2014-07-20 | url = http://www.turnkeylinux.org/docs/kvm}}</ref>

** [[OpenStack]]

** [[LXC|Container]] - This somewhat generic container format is specifically packaged for [[Proxmox Virtual Environment|Proxmox]] (as tar.gz) (and formerly [[OpenNode]] too). These builds can be downloaded direct within Proxmox's WebUI<ref>{{cite web |url=http://forum.proxmox.com/threads/8462-Appliance-downloads-are-back-%28Proxmox-VE-2-0rc1%29-including-TurnKey-Linux-library |title=Appliance downloads are back (Proxmox VE 2.0rc1) including TurnKey Linux library|date=23 February 2012 |work=Martin Maurer - Proxmox VE project lead via ProxmoxVE announcement thread|accessdate=15 April 2012}}</ref> (and formerly via OpenNode's interface<ref>{{cite web |url=http://opennodecloud.com/article/introducing-turnkey-linux-appliance-library/ |title=Introducing TurnKey Linux Appliance Library |date=18 October 2013 |work=OpenNode Cld Platform |accessdateaccess-date=8 February 2014 |deadurlurl-status=yesdead |archiveurlarchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140220050230/http://opennodecloud.com/article/introducing-turnkey-linux-appliance-library |archivedatearchive-date=20 February 2014 |df= }}</ref>). The tar.gz archive is also known to work with both vanilla [[OpenVZ]] and [[LXC]] with minimal tweaking.

** [[Xen]]

** [[Docker (software)|Docker]]

* [[Live CD|Installable Live CD/USB]]: a [[Hybrid disc|hybrid]] [[ISO image]] which can be burned to either [[CD]] or [[USB flash drive|USB]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.turnkeylinux.org/blog/iso2usb |title=Installing TurnKey from USB flash drive|date=8 January 2014 |work=Alon Swartz |accessdate=8 February 2014}}</ref> and used to install on both bare metal (I.e. a non-virtualized physical machine) and [[virtual machines]], including [[VMware]], [[Xen]], [[XenServer]], [[VirtualBox]], and [[Kernel-based Virtual Machine|KVM]]. This image can also run [[Live CD|live]] in non-persistent ''demo mode''.

* [[Amazon Machine Image]]: provisioned on-demand on [[Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud]] via either the [https://hub.turnkeylinux.org TurnKey Linux Hub] or [[Amazon_MarketplaceAmazon Marketplace|AWS Marketplace]].

Pre-integrated server applications include [[LAMP (software bundle)|LAMP]], [[WordPress]], [[Joomla]], [[Drupal]], [[Redmine]], [[MySQL]], [[MediaWiki]], [[Domain controller]], [[File server]], [[Ruby on Rails]], [[phpBB]], and many others.

== History ==

Founded by engineers of an Israeli startup,<ref name="Scannell2009-03-10">{{cite news | last = Scannell | first = Ed | date = March 10, 2009 | title = TurnKey Linux Delivers Open Source Appliances | work = [[InformationWeek]] | url = http://www.informationweek.com/news/software/linux/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=215801604&subSection=Integration | accessdate = March 23, 2009 }}</ref> the project was conceived in mid-2008 as a community-oriented open source project that would focus on helping users piece together turnkey solutions from open source components in the largest Linux distributions. According to one of TurnKey Linux's co-founders, the project was in part inspired by a desire to provide open source alternatives to proprietary virtual appliance vendors that would be aligned with user interests and could engage the community.<ref name="Panettieri2009-03-12">{{cite news | last = Panettieri | first = Joe | date = March 12, 2009 | title = 12 Ubuntu Server Appliances Meet the Cloud | work = WorksWithU | url = http://www.workswithu.com/2009/03/12/12-ubuntu-server-appliances-meet-the-cloud/ | accessdateaccess-date = March 23, 2009 | deadurlurl-status = yesdead | archiveurlarchive-url = https://archive.is/20130209110133/http://www.workswithu.com/2009/03/12/12-ubuntu-server-appliances-meet-the-cloud/ | archivedatearchive-date = February 9, 2013 | df = }}</ref>

The project launched in September 2008 with three prototype appliances for Drupal, Joomla and LAMP, based on the Ubuntu 8.04.1 build.<ref name="UbuntuWeeklyNewsletter108">{{cite journal | year = 2008 | title = TurnKey Linux: new project builds Ubuntu based Live CD appliances | journal = Ubuntu Weekly Newsletter | issue = 108 | url = https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuWeeklyNewsletter/Issue108#TurnKey%20Linux:%20new%20project%20builds%20Ubuntu%20based%20Live%20CD%20appliances | accessdate = March 23, 2009 }}</ref> In the following months usability was improved and a dozen additional appliances were released including Ruby on Rails, MediaWiki and Django.<ref name="Fransen2009-02-25">{{cite news | last = Fransen | first = Matto | date = February 25, 2009 | title = Kant-en-klare open source bedrijfsapplicaties | work = Infoworld | url = http://www.infoworld.nl/web/Artikel/Kant-en-klare-open-source-bedrijfsapplicaties.htm | accessdate = March 23, 2009 }}</ref>

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* TKLBAM (TurnKey Linux Backup And Migration)<ref>[http://www.turnkeylinux.org/docs/tklbam TKLBAM - Smart automated backup and restore]</ref> - a custom TKL backup/migration application/service that uses [[Duplicity (software)|Duplicity]] as a backend. By default TKLBAM uses [[Amazon S3]] for storage, but can also be configured to use any other storage medium supported by Duplicity. As of version 1.4 TKLBAM is available for non-TKL Linux OS.

The TurnKey Core has a footprint of approximately 110 MB, and is available as a separate download. Application software is installed on top of the Core, which typically increases the size of a virtual appliance up to approximately 160 MB.<ref name="LinuxDevices2009-03-09">{{cite news | date = March 9, 2009 | title = Open source server appliances ship | work = LinuxDevices.com | url = http://www.linuxdevices.com/news/NS9199443802.html | accessdateaccess-date = March 23, 2009 | archiveurlarchive-url = https://archive.today/20130127194545/http://www.linuxfordevices.com/c/a/News/Open-source-server-appliances-ship/ | archivedatearchive-date = 27 January 2013 | deadurlurl-status = yesdead | df = }}</ref> By downloading and installing the appliance package to the hard drive, it is intended by the developers that administrators would gain an easy method of setting up a dedicated server.<ref name="Fransen2009-02-25" />

New software appliances, or customised appliances can be developed by forking the appropriate appliance build code on [[GitHub]]<ref>[https://github.com/turnkeylinux-apps Turnkey Linux Appliance Build code repository]</ref> and then built using TKLDev.<ref>[http://www.turnkeylinux.org/docs/tklpatch TKLDev - Appliance Build Engine]</ref> Additionally appliances can also be customized and extended using TKLPatch,<ref>[http://www.turnkeylinux.org/doc/tkldev TKLPatch - a simple appliance customization mechanism]</ref> a simple appliance modification mechanism.