Encoder: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 15:38, 3 January 2020

Revision as of 15:40, 3 January 2020

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An '''encoder''' converts information from one form to another for the purpose of standardization, speed or compression.

==ExamplesMedia==

===Media===

* A [[data compression|compressor]] encodes data (e.g., audio/video/images) into a smaller form (see [[codec]])

* An [[audio encoder]] converts digital audio to analog audio signals

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* An [[8b/10b encoding|8b/10b encoder]] creates DC balance on a communication transmission line

===Transducers===

Transducers (such as optical or magnetic encoders) sense position or orientation for use as a reference or active feedback to control position:

* A [[rotary encoder]] converts rotary position to an analog (e.g., analog quadrature) or digital (e.g., digital quadrature, 32-bit parallel, or USB) electronic signal.

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Such encoders can be either absolute or incremental. The signal from an absolute encoder gives an unambiguous position within the travel range without requiring knowledge of any previous position. The signal from an [[incremental encoder]] is cyclical, thus ambiguous, and requires counting of cycles to maintain absolute position within the travel range. Both can provide the same accuracy; the absolute encoder is more robust to interruptions in transducer signal, whereas the incremental encoder reports position changes in real time.

===Electronic circuits===

* A [[simple encoder]] assigns a binary code to an active input line.

* [[Priority encoder]]s establish the priority of competing inputs (such as interrupt requests) by outputting a binary code representing the highest-priority active input.

==See also==

* [[Decoder (disambiguation)|Decoder]]

* [[Codec]]

* [[Line code]]

* [[Modulation]]

* [[Database normalization|Redundancy in databases]]

* [[Television encoding]]: [[NTSC]], [[PAL]] and [[SECAM]]

* [[Transcoding]]

{{disambiguation}}