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[[File:Windows XP Shutdown.png|200px|thumb|[[Windows XP]] shutdown dialog box]]
[[File:Shutdown Options 7.png|200px|thumb|Shutdown options have been moved from a separate dialog box to the [[start menu]], in [[Windows Vista]] and later versions of Microsoft Windows. The above is from [[Windows 7]] (this has now moved to the same window in [[Windows 10]]).]]
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In [[Microsoft Windows]] and [[ReactOS]], a PC or server is shut down by selecting the <tt>Shutdown</tt> item from the [[Start menu]] on the desktop. Options include shutting down the system and powering off, automatically restarting the system after shutting down, or putting the system into [[standby mode|stand-by mode]].
Just like other operating systems, Windows has the option to prohibit selected users from shutting down a computer. On a home PC, every user may have the shutdown option, but in computers on large networks (such as [[Active Directory]]), an administrator can revoke the access rights of selected users to shut down a Windows computer. Nowadays there are many software utilities which can automate the task of shutting down a Windows computer, enabling automatic computer control. The Windows Shutdown website lists various software utilities to automate the task of shutting down.▼
In Windows, a program can shut down the system by calling the <code>ExitWindowsEx</code> or <code>NtShutdownSystem</code> function.<ref>{{cite web▼
|title = NtShutdownSystem▼
|url = http://undocumented.ntinternals.net/source/usermode/undocumented%20functions/hardware/ntshutdownsystem.html▼
|accessdate = 11 April 2015▼
|date = 2001-02-25▼
|url-status = dead▼
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140902230507/http://undocumented.ntinternals.net/source/usermode/undocumented%20functions/hardware/ntshutdownsystem.html▼
|archivedate = 2 September 2014▼
|df = dmy-all▼
}}</ref>▼
====Command-line interface====
{{Infobox software
| name = shutdown
| logo =
| screenshot = Shut down command prompt.jpg
| screenshot size =
| caption = The <code>shutdown</code> command on [[Windows 7]]
| developer = [[Microsoft]], ReactOS Contributors
| released =
| latest release version =
| latest release date =
| operating system = [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]], [[ReactOS]]
| genre = [[Command (computing)|Command]]
| license = Windows: [[Proprietary software|Proprietary]] [[commercial software]]<br />
ReactOS: [[GNU General Public License]]
| website = {{URL|https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/shutdown}}
}}
There is also a <code>shutdown</code> [[command (computing)|command]] that can be executed within a [[shell (computing)|command shell]] window. <code>[[shutdown.exe]]</code> is the [[command-line interface|command-line]] shutdown application (located in '''%windir%\System32\shutdown.exe)'''<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnet.com/how-to/how-to-quickly-shut-down-windows-10/|title=Shut down Windows 10 with just one click (or two)|work=CNET|access-date=2017-04-24|language=en}}</ref> that can shut down the user's computer or another computer on the user's network. Different parameters allow different functions. More than one parameter can be used at a time for this command.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb491003.aspx|title=Shutdown|website=technet.microsoft.com|language=en|access-date=2017-04-24}}</ref>
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▲Just like other operating systems, Windows has the option to prohibit selected users from shutting down a computer. On a home PC, every user may have the shutdown option, but in computers on large networks (such as [[Active Directory]]), an administrator can revoke the access rights of selected users to shut down a Windows computer. Nowadays there are many software utilities which can automate the task of shutting down a Windows computer, enabling automatic computer control. The Windows Shutdown website lists various software utilities to automate the task of shutting down.
▲In Windows, a program can shut down the system by calling the <code>ExitWindowsEx</code> or <code>NtShutdownSystem</code> function.<ref>{{cite web
▲ |title = NtShutdownSystem
▲ |url = http://undocumented.ntinternals.net/source/usermode/undocumented%20functions/hardware/ntshutdownsystem.html
▲ |accessdate = 11 April 2015
▲ |date = 2001-02-25
▲ |url-status = dead
▲ |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140902230507/http://undocumented.ntinternals.net/source/usermode/undocumented%20functions/hardware/ntshutdownsystem.html
▲ |archivedate = 2 September 2014
▲ |df = dmy-all
▲}}</ref>
===Apple macOS===
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