Extended parallel process model: Difference between revisions

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The '''extended parallel process model''' ('''EPPM''') is a framework developed by Kim Witte which attempts to predict how individuals will react when confronted with [[fear]] inducing [[Stimulus (psychology)|stimuli]]. It was first published in ''[[Communication Monographs]]'', Volume 59, December 1992; Witte subsequently published an initial test of the model in a later article published in ''[[Communication Monographs]]'' Volume 61, June 1994.

EPPM is based on Leventhal's danger control/ and fear control framework and on Roger's [[protection motivation theory]].<ref>https://www.msu.edu/~wittek/fearback.htm</ref> It is commonly used in health communication campaigns when a message is attempting to persuade audience members to adopt a healthy behavior. Fear-framed campaigns must arouse a moderately-high amount of fear but a higher amount of self-efficacy and response efficacy. When there is more fear than efficacy, the message is expected to not be effective.

Reviews have highlighted the many applications of the EPPM model in its 20 years since initial publication<ref>{{cite journal|last=Maloney|first=E.|last = Lapinski| first = Maria| last = Witte| first = Kim| year=2011|title=Fear Appeals and Persuasion: A Review and Update ofthe Extended Parallel Process Model|journal=Social and Personality Psychology Compass| volume=5|pages=206-219|doi=10.1111/j.1751-9004.2011.00341.x}}</ref> but significant theoretical questions on the operationalization of key constructs remain and not all of its hypotheses have received full empirical support<ref>{{cite journal|last=Maloney|first=E.|last = Popova| first = L| year=2011|title=

The Extended Parallel Process Model: Illuminating the Gaps in Research| journal=Health Education and Behavior | volume=39|pages=455-473|doi=10.1177/1090198111418108}}</ref> .

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