Temperate [[Broadleaf forest|broadleaf]] and mixed forests occur in areas with distinct warm and cool seasons that give them moderate annual average temperatures — {{convert|3|to|15.623|C|F|0}}. These forests occur in relatively warm and rainy climates, sometimes also with a distinct [[dry season]]. A dry season occurs in the winter in East Asia and in summer on the wet fringe of the [[Mediterranean climate]] zones. Other areas, as central eastern North America, have a fairly even distribution of rainfall; annual rainfall is typically over {{convert|600|mm|in|abbr=on}} and often over {{convert|1500|mm|in|abbr=on}}, though it can go as low as {{convert|300|mm|in|abbr=on}} in some parts of the Middle East and close to {{convert|6000|mm|in|abbr=on}} in the mountains of New Zealand and the Azores. Temperatures are typically moderate except in parts of Asia such as [[Ussuriland]] ,where temperate forests can occur despite very harsh conditions with very cold winters.
The climates are typically humid for much of the year, usually appearing in the northern fringe of the [[humid subtropical climate]] without summer being extremely hot and winter very mild, and in continental zones to the south of [[tundra]]. In the [[Köppen climate classification]] they are represented respectively by ''[[humid subtropical climate|Cfa]]'', ''[[humid continental climate|Dfa''/''Dfb]]'' southern range and ''[[oceanic climate|Cfb]]''.,<ref>{{Citation|last=F|first=Beck, H. E. , Zimmermann, N. E. , McVicar, T. R. , Vergopolan, N. , Berg, A. , & Wood, E.|title=English: Köppen–Geiger climate classification map.Français: Carte de classification climatique de Köppen–Geiger.|date=2018-11-06|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:K%C3%B6ppen-Geiger_Climate_Classification_Map.png|access-date=2019-08-06}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Terpsichores|title=English: Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests|date=2012-10-28|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Biome_map_04.svg|access-date=2019-08-06}}</ref> and more rarely, ''[[Mediterranean climate|Csb]]'', ''[[semi-arid climate|Bsk]]'' and ''[[Mediterranean climate|Csa]]''.
