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'''MODIS''' ('''Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer''') is a [[payload]] scientific instrument launched into [[Earth]] [[orbit]] by [[NASA]] in [[1999]] on board the [[Terra (satellite)|Terra]] (EOS AM) Satellite, and in [[2002]] on board the [[Aqua (satellite)|Aqua]] (EOS PM) satellite. The instruments capture data in 36 spectral bands ranging in wavelength from 0.4 [[µm]] to 14.4 µm and at varying spatial resolutions (2 bands at 250 m, 5 bands at 500 m and 29 bands at 1 km). Together the instruments image the entire Earth every 1 to 2 days. They are designed to provide measurements in large-scale global dynamics including changes in Earth's [[cloud]] cover, [[radiation budget]] and processes occurring in the oceans, on land, and in the lower atmosphere.
Specifications:
Orbit: 705 km, 10:30 a.m. descending node (Terra) or 1:30 p.m. ascending node (Aqua), sun-synchronous, near-polar, circular
Scan Rate: 20.3 rpm, cross track
Swath Dimensions: 2330 km (cross track) by 10 km (along track at nadir)
Telescope: 17.78 cm diam. off-axis, afocal (collimated), with intermediate field stop
Size: 1.0 x 1.6 x 1.0 m
Weight: 228.7 kg
Power: 162.5 W (single orbit average)
Data Rate: 10.6 Mbps (peak daytime); 6.1 Mbps (orbital average)
Quantization: 12 bits
Spatial Resolution: 250 m (bands 1-2)
500 m (bands 3-7)
1000 m (bands 8-36)
Design Life: 6 years
[[Image:MODIS ATM solar irradiance.jpg|thumb|200px|Solar irradiance spectrum and MODIS bands.]]
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