|
|città=Londra
|simbolo=
|nome=LoughtonDebden
|nome originale=
|immagine=LoughtonDebden stationTube buildingStation.JPGjpg
|didascalia=L'entrata della stazione
|gestore=[[Transport for London]]
|inaugurazione=19481949 (1856, 1865, 1940 National Rail)
|stato attuale=In uso
|linea=[[Central Line]]
|altre linee=
|binari=32
|localizzazione=[[Loughton]]
|tipologia=Stazione di superficie
|interscambio=[[#Servizi ed interscambi|''vedi sotto'']]
|vicinanza=
|passeggeri='''2010''' {{simbolo|Increase2.svg|11}} 21.7690 milioni<ref name=passeggeri>{{cita web|url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/cdn/static/cms/documents/multi-year-station-entry-and-exit-figures.xls|formato=XLS|titolo=Multi-year station entry-and-exit figures|lingua=en|opera=London Underground station passenger usage data|editore=Transport for London|anno=2017|accesso=30 ottobre 2018}}</ref><br />'''2011''' {{simbolo|Increase2.svg|11}} 32.0002 milioni<ref name=passeggeri/><br />'''2012''' {{simbolo|Increase2.svg|11}} 32.0212 milioni<ref name=passeggeri/><br />'''2013''' {{simbolo|Increase2.svg|11}} 32.1730 milioni<ref name=passeggeri/><br />'''2014''' {{simbolo|Increase2.svg|11}} 32.2648 milioni<ref name=passeggeri/>
|latitudine = 51.641443645386
|longitudine = 0.055476083782
}}
'''LoughtonDebden''' è una stazione della [[metropolitana di Londra]] situata a [[Loughton]], nel [[Distretto non metropolitano dell'Inghilterra|distretto]] di [[Epping Forest (distretto)|Epping Forest]] in [[Essex]]. Si trova sul ramo di [[Epping (metropolitana di Londra)|Epping]] della [[Central line]], tra le stazioni di [[Buckhurst HillLoughton (metropolitana di Londra)|Buckhurst HillLoughton]] e di [[DebdenTheydon Bois (metropolitana di Londra)|DebdenTheydon Bois]], nella [[Travelcard Zone 6|sesta zona tariffaria]] della metropolitana londinese. A oggi ''Roding Valley'' è la stazione meno usata dell'intera rete metropolitana londinese.
25 September 1949 Renamed ''Debden''; [[British Railways|BR]] service replaced by [[Central line (London Underground)|Central line]] ▼18 April 1966 Goods yard closed<ref name=UN591>{{cite journal|title=How it used to be - freight on The Underground 50 years ago|journal=Underground News|date=March 2011|issue=591|pages=175–183|editor1-first=Brian|editor1-last=Hardy|publisher=London Underground Railway Society|issn=0306-8617}}</ref> ▼
== Storia ==
La stazione è stata aperta dalla ''Great Eastern Railway'' (GER) nell'aprile del 1865 con il nome di '''Chigwell Road''' in occasione del prolungamento della linea fino a [[Epping (metropolitana di Londra)|Epping]] ed [[Ongar (metropolitana di Londra)|Ongar]], ed è stata rinominata '''Chigwell Lane''' a dicembre dello stesso anno. Qui è ambientata la ballata vittoriana ''The Chigwell Stationmaster's Wife'', infatti l'odierna stazione di [[Chigwell (metropolitana di Londra)|Chigwell]] è stata aperta solo nel 1903<ref>[http://www.davros.org/rail/culg/central.html#dates Clive's Underground Line Guides - Central Line, dates]</ref><ref>{{cita libro | nome=R.V.J. | cognome=Butt| titolo=The Directory of Railway Stations | anno=1995| editore=Patrick Stephens Ltd | città=Yeovil }}</ref>.
[[File:Loughton station 2026404 1d1324c0.jpg|thumb|left|Vista verso nordovest, verso Epping ed Ongar, 1957]]
Il servizio è rimasto sospeso tra il 1916 e il 1919 durante le [[prima guerra mondiale]], per passare nel 1923 sotto la ''London & North Eastern Railway'' (LNER) e nel 1948 sotto la [[British Railways]]. A partire dal 1949 il nome della stazione è cambiato in ''Debden''<ref>{{cita libro |cognome=Rose |nome=Douglas |lingua=en|titolo=The London Underground, A Diagrammatic History |anno=1999 |annooriginale=1980 |ed=7 |editore=Douglas Rose/Capital Transport |ISBN=1-85414-219-4 |cid=DR}}</ref><ref>{{cita libro | nome=R.V.J. | cognome=Butt| titolo=The Directory of Railway Stations | anno=1995| editore=Patrick Stephens Ltd | città=Yeovil }}</ref>.
La stazione originale è stata aperta (come capolinea) dalla ''Eastern Counties Railway'' (ECR) nell'agosto del 1856 in Loughton High Road, presso la Lopping Hall, nel punto in cui oggi sorge il ''Cafe Rouge''<ref>{{cita libro | nome=HW | cognome=Paar | titolo=Loughton's First Railway Station 1856-1865 | anno=1996| editore=Loughton & District Historical Society | città= }}</ref><ref>{{cita libro | nome1=Chris | cognome1=Pond| nome2=Ian| cognome2=Strugnell| nome3=Ted | cognome3=Martin | titolo=The Loughton Railway 150 Years on: The Leyton-Woodford-Loughton Railway from Eastern Counties to Central Line | anno=2006| editore=Loughton & District Historical Society | città= }}</ref>. Fino al 1865 la stazione comprendeva anche binari merci e banchine di carico e scarico del carbone, nonché una stazione turistica per le migliaia di escursionisti che usavano Loughton come base per visitare la vicina [[Epping Forest]]. L'edificio della stazione turistica, a un piano di mattoni, è durato fino agli anni '40 per essere sostituito da una stazione merci poi chiusa negli anni '90.
La stazione di Loughton è stata rilocata circa 500 metri più a sud nell'aprile del 1865 in occasione del prolungamento della linea fino a [[Epping (metropolitana di Londra)|Epping]] ed [[Ongar (metropolitana di Londra)|Ongar]], mentre la stazione attuale è stata aperta nell'aprile del 1940 per i treni della [[London Underground]], che ha cominciato il servizio nel 1948 sostituendo la [[British Railways]] - Eastern Region. La stazione merci è stata chiusa nel 1966<ref>{{cita pubblicazione |nome=Brian |cognome=Hardy |titolo=How it used to be - freight on The Underground 50 years ago |rivista=Underground News |editore=London Underground Railway Society |città= |volume= |numero=591 |anno=2011 |mese=Marzo |pp=175–183 |id= |pmid= |url= |lingua= |accesso= |abstract= }}</ref>.
[[File:Loughton station centre platform south.JPG|thumb|left|Vista dei binari]]
Notevole dal punto di vista architettonico, la stazione odierna è stata progettata da John Murray Easton<ref>{{cita libro | nome=David | cognome=Lawrence| titolo=Underground Architecture| anno=1994| editore=Capital Transport | città= }}</ref>; a maggio 1994 l'edificio della stazione è diventato un [[Monumento classificato]] di grado II<ref>{{cita web|lingua=en|url=https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1141221|titolo=Loughton London Regional Transport underground station with associated shops and platforms|accesso=30 ottobre 2018|editore=National Heritage List for England}}</ref>.
== Interscambi ==
Debden
| locale = [[Loughton]]
| borough = [[Epping Forest District|District of Epping Forest]]
| platforms = 2
| fare_zone = 6
| image_name = Debden Tube Station.jpg
| caption = Station entrance
24 April 1865 Opened as ''Chigwell Road''
1 December 1865 Renamed ''Chigwell Lane''
22 May 1916 Temporarily closed
3 February 1919 Reopened
▲25 September 1949 Renamed ''Debden''; [[British Railways|BR]] service replaced by [[Central line (London Underground)|Central line]]
▲18 April 1966 Goods yard closed<ref name=UN591>{{cite journal|title=How it used to be - freight on The Underground 50 years ago|journal=Underground News|date=March 2011|issue=591|pages=175–183|editor1-first=Brian|editor1-last=Hardy|publisher=London Underground Railway Society|issn=0306-8617}}</ref>
| postgroup = [[London and North Eastern Railway]]
<!--
| tubeexits03 =
| tubeexits04 =
| tubeexits05 =
| tubeexits06 = 1.529
| tubeexits07 = {{increase}} 1.776
| tubeexits08 = {{decrease}} 1.760
| tubeexits09 = {{increase}} 1.896-->
| access = yes
| access_note = (Eastbound only)<ref>{{citation step free tube map}}</ref>
}}
'''Debden''' is a [[London Underground]] station on the [[Central line (London Underground)|Central line]] in the east of [[Loughton]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ncp.co.uk/car-park?cpid=800472&name=DebdenStation |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-03-20 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130505034324/http://www.ncp.co.uk/car-park?cpid=800472&name=DebdenStation |archivedate=5 May 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> in the [[Epping Forest (district)|Epping Forest]] district of [[Essex]]. The station is between [[Loughton tube station|Loughton]] and [[Theydon Bois tube station|Theydon Bois]]. It is located in Station Approach off Chigwell Lane ([[A1168 road|A1168]]) and is in [[Travelcard Zone 6]].
==History==
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:ChigwellLane.jpg|thumb|Chigwell Lane Station. August 1935|200px|left]] -->
The station was originally opened on 24 April 1865<ref name=CGUL_01>[http://www.davros.org/rail/culg/central.html#dates Clive's Underground Line Guides - Central Line, dates]</ref> by the [[Great Eastern Railway]]<ref name=Butt>{{cite book |last=Butt |first=R.V.J. |title=The Directory of Railway Stations |year=1995 |publisher=Patrick Stephens Ltd |___location=Yeovil |isbn=1-85260-508-1 |id=R508 |page=60 |ref=harv }}</ref> as part of an extension of the railway's Loughton branch to [[Epping tube station|Epping]] and [[Ongar tube station|Ongar]]. Initially called '''Chigwell Road''', it was soon renamed on 1 December 1865 as '''Chigwell Lane''',<ref name=Butt /> but remained a single-platform [[Railway halt#Halt|halt]] for the first years of its life. It was the setting for the Victorian ballad ''The Chigwell Stationmaster's Wife'', [[Chigwell]] station not having opened until 1903.
Chigwell Lane was one of a number of GER stations that saw a temporary suspension of passenger services, due to the need to make economies during the First World War. The station was closed from 22 May 1916<ref name="CGUL_01"/><ref name=Butt /> until 3 February 1919.<ref name="CGUL_01"/><ref name=Butt /> As a consequence of the 1921 [[Railways Act 1921|Railways Act]], the GER was merged with other railway companies in 1923 to form part of the [[London & North Eastern Railway]] (LNER).
As part of the [[New Works Programme|New Works Programme, 1935-1940]], the LNER branch was transferred to London Underground, to form part of the eastern extension of the Central line. Although work commenced in 1938 it was suspended upon the outbreak of the Second World War in 1939 and work only recommenced in 1946. [[Eastern Region of British Railways|British Railways]] (BR, successor to LNER after [[nationalization|nationalisation]] in 1948) steam services were replaced by electric Central line passenger services on 25 September 1949.<ref name="CGUL_01"/> From the handover, the station was renamed '''Debden'''.<ref name=DRose>{{cite book |last=Rose |first=Douglas |authorlink= |title=The London Underground, A Diagrammatic History |year=1999 |publisher=Douglas Rose |isbn=1-85414-219-4}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Butt|1995|pp=60, 77}}</ref> British Railways goods services continued to be operated on the branch for years afterwards.<ref name=CGUL_02>[http://www.davros.org/rail/culg/central.html#history Clive's Underground Line Guides - Central Line, history]</ref>
==The station today==
| 