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In [[information science]] and [[ontology (information science)|ontology]], a '''classification scheme''' is the product of arranging things into kinds of things (classes) or into ''groups'' of classes; this bears similarity to [[categorization]], but with perhaps a more [[classification (general theory)|theoretical]] bent, as classification can be applied over a wide [[semantic spectrum]].
In the abstract, the resulting structures are a crucial aspect of [[metadata]], often represented as a hierarchical structure and accompanied by descriptive information of the classes or groups. Such a classification scheme is intended to be used for an arrangement or division of individual objects into the classes or groups, and the classes or groups are based on characteristics which the objects (members) have in common.
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