Object–role modeling: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 21:23, 13 January 2021

Revision as of 10:36, 24 March 2021

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{{Distinguish|Object-relationalobject–relational mapping}}

[[File:ORM-diagram-tkz-orm.png|406px|thumb|example of an ORM2 diagram]]

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An object-role model uses graphical symbols that are based on first order predicate logic and set theory to enable the modeler to create an unambiguous definition of an arbitrary universe of discourse. Attribute free, the predicates of an ORM Model lend themselves to the analysis and design of [[graph database]] models in as much as ORM was originally conceived to benefit relational database design.

The term "object-role model" was coined in the 1970s and ORM based tools have been used for more than 30 years&nbsp;– principally for [[data modeling]]. More recently ORM has been used to model [[business rules]], XML-Schemas, [[data warehouse]]s, requirements engineering and web forms.<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Jarrar | first = M. | doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-75563-0_14 | title = Towards Automated Reasoning on ORM Schemes | journal = Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling | series = Lecture Notes in Computer Science | volume = 4801 | pages = 181–197 | year = 2007 | isbn = 978-3-540-75562-3 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.148.6251 }}</ref>

[[data warehouse]]s, requirements engineering and web forms.<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Jarrar | first = M. | doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-75563-0_14 | title = Towards Automated Reasoning on ORM Schemes | journal = Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling | series = Lecture Notes in Computer Science | volume = 4801 | pages = 181–197 | year = 2007 | isbn = 978-3-540-75562-3 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.148.6251 }}</ref>

== History ==

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Object role modeling also evolved from the ''Natural language Information Analysis Method'', a methodology that was initially developed by the academic researcher, [[G.M. Nijssen]] in the Netherlands ([[Europe]]) in the mid-1970s and his research team at the Control Data Corporation Research Laboratory in Belgium, and later at the University of Queensland, Australia in the 1980s. The acronym '''NIAM''' originally stood for "Nijssen's Information Analysis Methodology", and later generalised to "Natural language Information Analysis Methodology" and ''Binary Relationship Modeling'' since G. M. Nijssen was only one of many people involved in the development of the method.<ref>{{cite book |last=Wintraecken |first=J. J. V. R. |date=1990 |orig-year=1987 |title=The NIAM information analysis method: theory and practice |series=Translation of: Informatie-analyse volgens NIAM |___location=Dordrecht; Boston |publisher=[[Kluwer Academic Publishers]] |isbn=079230263X |oclc=19554537 |doi=10.1007/978-94-009-0451-4 |s2cid=30209824 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iJaqCAAAQBAJ}}</ref>

In 1989, [[Terry Halpin]] completed his PhD thesis on ORM, providing the first full formalization of the approach and incorporating several extensions.

Also in 1989, [[Terry Halpin]] and [[G.M. Nijssen]] co-authored the book "Conceptual Schema and Relational Database Design" and several joint papers, providing the first formalization of object-role modeling.