Human genetic clustering: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 21:08, 16 April 2021

Revision as of 21:26, 16 April 2021

Line 16:

=== Caveats and drawbacks ===

There are many caveats and drawbacks to genetic clustering methods of any type, given the degree of admixture and relative similarity within the human population. All genetic cluster findings are [[Sampling bias|biased]] by the sampling process used to gather data, and by the quality and quantity of that data. Many clustering studies use data derived from populations that are geographically distinct from one another, which may present a false illusion of clearly discrete clusters.<ref name=":0" /> STRUCTURE in particular can be misleading by requiring the data to be sorted into a predetermined number of clusters, which may or may not reflect the actual population's distribution.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Kalinowski|first=S T|date=2010-08-04|title=The computer program STRUCTURE does not reliably identify the main genetic clusters within species: simulations and implications for human population structure|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2010.95|journal=Heredity|volume=106|issue=4|pages=625–632|doi=10.1038/hdy.2010.95|issn=0018-067X}}</ref> Sample size also plays an important moderating role on cluster findings, as different sample size inputs can influence cluster assignment, and more subtle relationships between genotypes may only emerge with larger sample sizes.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /><translate>

== Applications to human genetic data == <!--T:11-->

</translate>Text of this section.

== Applications to human genetic data == <!--T:11-->

(Lawson & Falush, 2012 (human genome diversity project section); Novembre & Ramachandran, 2011; Kalinowski, 2011 (criticism of STRUCTURE); Bamshad et al, 2004; Bamshad & Olson 2003 gets into alu polymorphisms in a clear way)

Application of genetic clustering methods to a large human dataset was first marked by studies associated with the [[Human Genome Diversity Project]] (HGDP) data.<ref name=":0" /> These early HGDP studies, such as those by Rosenberg and colleagues,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rosenberg|first=N. A.|date=2002-12-20|title=Genetic Structure of Human Populations|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1078311|journal=Science|volume=298|issue=5602|pages=2381–2385|doi=10.1126/science.1078311|issn=0036-8075}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rosenberg|first=Noah A|last2=Mahajan|first2=Saurabh|last3=Ramachandran|first3=Sohini|last4=Zhao|first4=Chengfeng|last5=Pritchard|first5=Jonathan K|last6=Feldman|first6=Marcus W|date=2005-12-09|title=Clines, Clusters, and the Effect of Study Design on the Inference of Human Population Structure|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0010070|journal=PLoS Genetics|volume=1|issue=6|pages=e70|doi=10.1371/journal.pgen.0010070|issn=1553-7404}}</ref> contributed to theories of the serial founder effect and early human migration out of Africa.

<nowiki>###</nowiki>PROBABLY NEED TO WRAP THIS SECTION INTO ANOTHER SECTION, i DON'T REALLY WANT TO GET INTO IT

<translate>

== Genetic clustering and race == <!--T:11-->

</translate>Text of this section.

</translate>Text of this section.

(Maglo et al 2016, Jorde & Wooding 2004; Bamshad articles)

== Related issues == <!--T:11-->

<translate>

</translate>Clusters vs. clines

== Related issues == <!--T:11-->

</translate>Clusters vs. clines

Brief summary of human genetic variation?