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[[nl:boomstructuur]]
[[nl:tree]] [[ja:木構造 A '''tree structure''' is a way of representing the [[hierarchy|hierarchical]] nature of a [[structure]] in a graphical form. It is named a "tree structure" because the graph looks a bit like a [[tree]], even though the tree is generally shown upside down compared with a real tree; that is to say with the root at the top and the leaves at the bottom.▼
A '''tree structure''' is a way of representing the [[hierarchy|hierarchical]] nature of a [[structure]] in a graphical form.
In terms of [[graph]] theory, a tree can be described as a "connected directed acyclic graph." A collection of unconnected tree structures is sometimes described by graph theorists as a "forest." See [[tree (graph theory)]] for more mathematical background behind a tree structure.▼
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▲In terms of [[graph]] theory, a tree can be described as a "connected directed acyclic graph." A collection of unconnected tree structures is sometimes described by graph theorists as a "forest."
See [[tree (graph theory)]] for more mathematical background behind a tree structure.
Every [[finite]] tree structure has a member that has no [[superior (hierarchy)|superior]]. This member is called the "root" or [[root node]].
The converse is not true: infinite tree structures may have a root node.
<div style="width:302px; float:right; margin-left:1em">
[[Image:binary-tree-structure.png|Binary tree structure illustration]]<br> "Illustration: A tree structure showing the possible hierarchical organization of an encyclopedia. This specific example happens to be a [[complete binary tree]], which means all nodes have exactly zero or two child nodes." </div> The lines connecting elements are called ''branches," the elements themselves are called "[[node|nodes]]."
Nodes without children are called "end-nodes" or "leaves." The names of relationships between nodes are modeled after family relations.
In computer sciences, traditionally only names for male family members have been used. In linguistics, the names of female family members are used. It is said that this was an express counter movement to the traditional naming convention, started by the female students of linguist [[Noam Chomsky]]. However, nowadays, in computer science at least, the gender-neutral names "parent" and "child" have largely displaced the older "father" and "son" terminology. The starting node is often called the "root."
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