Histone code: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 01:13, 10 December 2020

Revision as of 20:21, 16 May 2021

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==The hypothesis==

The hypothesis is that [[chromatin]]-DNA interactions are guided by combinations of histone modifications. While it is accepted that modifications (such as [[methylation]], [[acetylation]], [[ADP-ribosylation]], [[ubiquitination]], [[citrullination]], [[SUMO protein|SUMO]]-ylation <ref> https://www.pnas.org/content/100/23/13225 Histone sumoylation is associated with transcriptional repression
, by Yuzuru Shiio and Robert N. Eisenman</ref> and [[phosphorylation]]) to [[histone]] tails alter chromatin structure, a complete understanding of the precise mechanisms by which these alterations to histone tails influence DNA-histone interactions remains elusive. However, some specific examples have been worked out in detail. For example, phosphorylation of [[serine]] residues 10 and 28 on [[histone H3]] is a marker for chromosomal condensation. Similarly, the combination of phosphorylation of [[serine]] residue 10 and acetylation of a [[lysine]] residue 14 on histone H3 is a tell-tale sign of active [[Transcription (genetics)|transcription]].

[[File:Histone modifications.png|thumb|center|640px|Schematic representation of histone modifications. Based on Rodriguez-Paredes and Esteller, Nature, 2011]]

===Modifications===