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One should also take into consideration the effects of [[denudation]] (processes that wear away the earth's surface). Within the scope of this topic, uplift relates to denudation in that denudation brings buried rocks closer to the surface. This process can redistribute large loads from an elevated region to a topographically lower area as well – thus promoting an isostatic response in the region of denudation (which can cause local bedrock uplift). The timing, magnitude, and rate of denudation can be estimated by [[Geologist|geologists]] using pressure-temperature studies.
==Crustal thickening==
Crustal thickening has an upward component of motion and often occurs when [[continental crust]] is thrust onto continental crust. Basically [[nappe]]s (thrust sheets) from each plate collide and begin to stack one on top of the other; evidence of this process can be seen in preserved [[ophiolitic]] nappes (preserved in the Himalaya), and in rocks with an inverted [[metamorphic gradient]]. The preserved inverted metamorphic gradient indicates that nappes were actually stacked on top of each other so quickly, that hot rocks did not have time to equilibrate before being thrust on top of cool rocks. The process of nappe stacking can only continue for so long, as gravity will eventually disallow further vertical growth (there is an upper limit to vertical mountain growth).
==Density distribution of the crust and underlying mantle==
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