Anufo language: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 03:07, 29 May 2021

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{{Infobox language

| name = Chakosi

| nativename = Anufo

| region = [[Ghana]], [[Togo]], [[Benin]]

| ethnicity = [[Chakosi people]]

| speakers = {{sigfig|177,200|2}}

| date = 2013

| ref = e22

| familycolor = Niger-Congo

| fam2 = [[Atlantic–Congo languages|Atlantic–Congo]]

| fam3 = [[Kwa languages|Kwa]]

| fam4 = [[Potou–Tano languages|Potou–Tano]]

| fam5 = [[Tano languages|Tano]]

| fam6 = [[Central Tano languages|Central Tano (Akan)]]

| fam7 = [[Bia languages|Bia]]

| fam8 = North

| iso3 = cko

| glotto = anuf1239

| glottorefname = Anufo

}}

'''Chakosi''', also known by its [[Autonym (semantics)|autonym]] '''Anufo''', is a [[Central Tano language]] spoken in northeast [[Ghana]], northern [[Togo]], and northwest [[Benin]] by approximately 180,000 people.

==Phonology==

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

|-

|+Consonant<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Moran|first=Steven|last2=McCloy|first2=Daniel|last3=Wright|first3=Richard|date=2012-04-08|title=Revisiting the population vs phoneme-inventory correlation|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/exabs.v0i0.601|journal=LSA Annual Meeting Extended Abstracts|volume=3|pages=29|doi=10.3765/exabs.v0i0.601|issn=2377-3367}}</ref>

!rowspan="2" colspan="2"|

! colspan="3" | [[Labial consonant|Labial]]

!colspan="2" | [[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]

!colspan="2" | [[Palatal consonant|Palatal]]

!colspan="2" | [[Velar consonant|Velar]]

!colspan="2" | [[Labiovelar consonant|Labiovelar]]

! rowspan="2" | [[Glottalic consonant|Glottal]]

|- class=small

! plain

! [[Labialization|round]]

! [[Palatalization (phonetics)|palatal]]

! plain

! [[Palatalization (phonetics)|palatalized]]

! plain

! [[Palatalization (phonetics)|palatalized]]

! [[velarization|plain]]

! round

! plain

! [[Palatalization (phonetics)|palatal]]

|-

! colspan="2" |[[Nasal stop|Nasal]]

| {{IPA|m}}

| || {{IPA|mʲ}}

| {{IPA|n}} ||

| {{IPA|ɲ}}|| || {{IPA|ŋ}}

|

| {{IPA|ŋm}} || {{IPA|ŋmʲ}}

|

|-

! rowspan="2" | [[Stop consonant|Stop]]

!<small>[[Voice (phonetics)|voiceless]]</small>

| {{IPA|p}}

| {{IPA|pʷ}}|| {{IPA|pʲ}}

| {{IPA|t}} || {{IPA|tʲ}}

| {{IPA|c}} || {{IPA|cʲ}}

| {{IPA|k}} || {{IPA|kʷ}}

| {{IPA|kp}} || {{IPA|kpʲ}}

|

|-

!<small>[[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]</small>

| {{IPA|b}}

| {{IPA|bʷ}} || {{IPA|bʲ}}

| {{IPA|d}} || {{IPA|dʲ}}

| {{IPA|ɟ}} || {{IPA|ɟʲ}}

| {{IPA|ɡ}} || {{IPA|ɡʷ}}

| {{IPA|gb}} || {{IPA|gbʲ}}

|

|-

! rowspan="2" |[[Fricative consonant|Fricative]]

!<small>[[Voice (phonetics)|voiceless]]</small>

| {{IPA|f}}

| {{IPA|fʷ}} || {{IPA|fʲ}}

| {{IPA|s}} || {{IPA|ʃ}}

|

| {{IPA|ɕᶣ}} || ||

|

| || {{IPA|h}}

|-

!<small>[[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]</small>

|

| ||

| {{IPA|z}} ||

|

| {{IPA|ʑᶣ}} || ||

|

|

|

|-

! colspan="2" | [[Rhotic consonant|Rhotic]]

|

| ||

| {{IPA|r}} || {{IPA|rʲ}}

|

| || ||

|

| ||

|-

! rowspan="2" | [[Approximant]]

!<small>[[Voice (phonetics)|voiceless]]</small>

|

| ||{{IPA|ɥ̥}}

| ||

| ||

| ||

| ||

|

|-

!<small>[[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]</small>

|

| ||{{IPA|ɥ}}

| {{IPA|l}} || {{IPA|lᶣ}}

| {{IPA|j}}

|

| ||

| {{IPA|w}}

| ||

|}

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Vowels

!

! colspan="2" align="center" |Oral

! colspan="2" align="center" |[[Nasal vowel|Nasal]]

|-

!

![[Front vowel|Front]]

![[Back vowel|Back]]

!Front

!Back

|-

! align="left" |[[Close vowel|Close]]

| align="center" |{{IPA|i}}

| align="center" |{{IPA|u}}

| align="center" |{{IPA|ĩ}}

| align="center" |{{IPA|ũ}}

|-

! align="left"|[[Close-mid vowel|Close-mid]]

| align="center"|{{IPA|e}}

| align="center"|{{IPA|o}}

| align="center"|{{IPA|ẽ}}

| align="center"|{{IPA|õ}}

|-

! align="left" |[[Open-mid vowel|Open-Mid]]

| align="center" |{{IPA|ɛ}}

| align="center" |{{IPA|ɔ}}

| align="center" |{{IPA|ɛ̃}}

| align="center" |{{IPA|ɔ̃}}

|-

! align="left" |[[Open vowel|Open]]

| align="center" |{{IPA|a}}

|

| align="center" |{{IPA|ã}}

| align="center" |

|}

==References==

{{Reflist}}

{{Languages of Benin}}

{{Languages of Ghana}}

{{Languages of Togo}}

{{Kwa languages}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Central Tano languages]]

[[Category:Languages of Togo]]

[[Category:Languages of Benin]]

[[Category:Languages of Ghana]]

{{kwa-lang-stub}}

{{Infobox language

| name = Chakosi