'''''Paradolichopithecus''''' is an extinct genus of [[Old World monkey|cercopithecine monkey]] once found throughout [[Eurasia]]. The type species, ''P. arvernensis'', was a very large monkey, comparable in size to a [[mandrill]]. The genus was most closely related to [[macaque]]s, sharing a very similar cranial morphology.<ref>Nishimura, TD.;(2010). ''[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17261326 Nasal anatomy of Paradolichopithecus gansuensis (early Pleistocene, Longdan, China) with comments on phyletic relationships among the species of this genus]''</ref> The fossils attributed to ''Paradolichopithecus'' are known from the Early [[Pliocene]] to the [[Early Pleistocene]] of Europe (France, Spain, Greece, Romania, and possibly Serbia) and Asia (Tadjikistan and China).<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Radović|first1=Predrag|last2=Lindal|first2=Joshua|last3=Marković|first3=Zoran|last4=Alaburić|first4=Sanja|last5=Roksandic|first5=Mirjana|date=December 2019|title=First record of a fossil monkey (Primates, Cercopithecidae) from the Late Pliocene of Serbia|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0047248419301873|journal=Journal of Human Evolution|language=en|volume=137|pages=102681|doi=10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.102681|pmid=31629290}}</ref> The East Asian fossil genus ''Procynocephalus'' is considered by some to represent a [[senior synonym]] of ''Paradolichopithecus.''<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Kostopoulos|first1=Dimitris S.|last2=Guy|first2=Franck|last3=Kynigopoulou|first3=Zoi|last4=Koufos|first4=George D.|last5=Valentin|first5=Xavier|last6=Merceron|first6=Gildas|date=August 2018|title=A 2Ma old baboon-like monkey from Northern Greece and new evidence to support the Paradolichopithecus – Procynocephalus synonymy (Primates: Cercopithecidae)|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0047248416301932|journal=Journal of Human Evolution|language=en|volume=121|pages=178–192|doi=10.1016/j.jhevol.2018.02.012|pmid=29779686}}</ref>
