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{{short description|
In the fields of [[nonlinear optics]] and [[fluid dynamics]], '''modulational instability''' or '''sideband instability''' is a phenomenon whereby deviations from a periodic waveform are reinforced by nonlinearity, leading to the generation of [[Frequency spectrum|spectral]]-sidebands and the eventual breakup of the waveform into a train of [[wave packet|pulses]].<ref name="BenjaminFeir">{{cite journal
| doi = 10.1017/S002211206700045X
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