Distributed cognition: Difference between revisions

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According to Hutchins, cognition involves not only the brain but also external artifacts, work teams made up of several people, and cultural systems for interpreting reality (mythical, scientific, or otherwise).

Hutchins' distributed cognition theory influenced philosopher Andy Clark, who shortly after proposed his own version of the theory, calling it "extended cognition." (see, for example, the paper ''[[The Extended Mind]]'').

Hutchins' distributed cognition theory explains mental processes by taking as the fundamental unit of analysis "a collection of individuals and artifacts and their relations to each other in a particular work practice".<ref name = "Rogers_1994">{{cite journal | vauthors = Rogers Y, Ellis J | title = Distributed cognition: an alternative framework for analysing and explaining collaborative working. | journal = Journal of Information Technology | date = June 1994 | volume = 9 | issue = 2 | pages = 119–28 | doi = 10.1177/026839629400900203 | s2cid = 219981758 | url = http://www.dourish.com/classes/ics234bs03/14-RogersEllis-DistCog.pdf }}</ref>

"DCog" is a specific approach to distributed cognition (distinct from other meanings)<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1007/s13164-013-0131-x |issn=1878-5158 |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=1–24 | vauthors = Michaelian K, Sutton J |title=Distributed Cognition and Memory Research: History and Current Directions |journal=Review of Philosophy and Psychology |date=2013-02-20 |hdl=11693/37950 |s2cid=9818565 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> which takes a computational perspective towards goal-based activity systems.<ref>{{cite web| vauthors = Perry M |title=Some simple definitions in Distributed Cognition (DCog) |url=http://people.brunel.ac.uk/~cssrmjp/homefiles/home.html|access-date=22 November 2015}}</ref>

UsingThe distributed cognition approach Uses insights from [[sociology]], [[cognitive science]], and the psychology of [[Lev Vygotsky]] (cf. [[cultural-historical psychology]]). itIt emphasizes the ways that cognition is off-loaded into the environment through social and technological means. It is a framework for studying cognition rather than a type of cognition. This framework involves the coordination between individuals, artifacts and the environment.

Using insights from [[sociology]], [[cognitive science]], and the psychology of [[Vygotsky]] (cf. [[cultural-historical psychology]]) it emphasizes the ways that cognition is off-loaded into the environment through social and technological means. It is a framework for studying cognition rather than a type of cognition. This framework involves the coordination between individuals, artifacts and the environment.

According to Zhang & Norman (1994),<ref>{{Cite journal | doi=10.1207/s15516709cog1801_3|title = Representations in Distributed Cognitive Tasks| journal=Cognitive Science| volume=18| pages=87–122|year = 1994| vauthors = Zhang J, Norman DA | doi-access=free}}</ref> the distributed cognition approach has three key components:

# [[Embodied cognition|Embodiment]] of information that is embedded in representations of interaction