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=== Modern age ===
[[File:Ritratto di Aloisio Gonzaga 1494-1549.jpg|thumb|The marquis [[Aloisio Gonzaga]]]]
With the marquis [[Aloisio Gonzaga]] in 1511 began the cadet branch of "Gonzaga of Castel Goffredo" and Castel Goffredo became capital of the small state. In his palace of residence ([[Palazzo Gonzaga-Acerbi|Gonzaga-Acerbi Palace]]) he created a magnificent court, frequented by poets ([[Matteo Bandello]], [[Lucrezia Gonzaga]] and [[Pietro Aretino]]), artists, diplomats ([[Cesare Fregoso]]) and ambassadors ([[Antonio Rincon]]). In 1516 passed through Castel Goffredo the [[emperor]] [[Maximilian I of Habsburg]] while he pursued the French troops, and another emperor, [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles V]], he was a guest of Aloisio Gonzaga on June 28 1543 and obtained the keys to the [[citadel]]. The marquis perhaps commissioned the school of [[Giulio Romano]] to fresco his ''domus'': remain in the loggia of the [[Palazzo Gonzaga-Acerbi|palace]] important pictorial evidence of that period. Aloisio Gonzaga died on July 19 1549 and his was a troubled succession.
He was first succeeded by the eldest son [[Alfonso Gonzaga]], who ruled the city from 1549 to 1592, when he died assassinated, for hereditary reasons, to Corte Gambaredolo by the hand of the nephew's assassins Rodolfo Gonzaga, brother of [[Aloysius Gonzaga]]. Rodolfo took possession of the fortress and ruled Castel Goffredo in terror. The castellan people did not accept the abuses and organized a conspiracy that led to the assassination of the marquis on January 3 1593, while going to the religious services in the St. Erasmus church]]. With his death, without male sons, the history of the locality as an autonomous Gonzaga fief and the short lordship of the "Gonzaga di Castel Goffredo" also ended.