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== Failure of governance ==
Another approach suggests that government should be entirely forsaken because of the free-rider problem and shortcomings with consensus, and instead innovation, entrepreneurship, and investment in sustainable technology should be focused on.<ref name=":4" /> This is largely proposed because of the free rider problem of countries defecting from international agreements for their own economic gain in the short run. This is compounded by the non-excludable harms and benefits of mitigating climate change, where penalties harsh enough to sufficiently incentivize countries into taking action may not be practical, and countries will not act unless sufficiently incentivized.<ref name=":4" /> Under the failure of governance argument, the problems facing governance are massive and it would be less costly to invest in innovation and technology rather than governance.
== The reduce is not zero problem ==
Bill Gates's 2021 [[How to Avoid a Climate Disaster|Climate Book]] states the world is failing to meet goals due to a fundamental flaw in approach. He refers to this as "Reduce is not Zero". Reduce involves working on each hydroelectric dam or wind farm separately; whereas Zero refers to dealing with the total number of needed dams, wind farms, solar panels, and nuclear reactors. When one works with the entire batch at one time, they can justify factories that mass produce the needed equipment. Factory automation is crucial, since allows the world to handle large volumes at low cost. For an example [[Low-carbon economy#Decarbonisation plans that get to zero CO2 emissions|plan that gets us to zero CO2 emissions]], see The Manhattan 2 Project's [https://www.manhattan2.org/global-decarbonization-initiative Global Decarbonization Plan].
== References ==
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