ACM Computing Classification System: Difference between revisions

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==The 1998 classification==

Section A of the classification is for general computing literature. It includes subtopics for introductory and survey material, and for reference works.

The outer two levels of the 1998 classification are shown below, except for the general and miscellaneous subcategories included in every category. When possible, topics are linked to corresponding entries in Wikipedia. For the inner two levels for each of these topics, see the online [http://www.acm.org/class/1998/ 1998 ACM Computing Classification System] at the [[Association for Computing Machinery|ACM]] website.

Section B, on hardware, has subtopics for [[Control unit|control structures]] and [[Microcode|microprogramming]], [[Arithmetic logic unit|arithmetic and logic structures]], [[Computer storage|memory structures]], [[Input/output|input/output and data communications]], [[Register transfer level|register-transfer-level implementation]], [[logic design]], [[integrated circuit]]s, and [[Performance tuning|performance]] and [[Reliability engineering|reliability]].

:A. General literature

::A.1 Introductory and Survey

Section C concerns [[Computer organization|computer systems organization]]. The subtopics of this section are [[Central processing unit|processor architectures]], [[Computer networking|computer-communication networks]], special-purpose and application-based systems, [[Performance tuning|performance of systems]], and [[Implementation|computer system implementation]].

::A.2 Reference

:B. Hardware

Section D of the classification is entitled [[Software]]. This section includes two subtopics on software development: programming techniques and [[software engineering]]. Two more subtopics concern the software infrastructure needed to run other software: [[programming language]]s and [[operating system]]s.

::B.1 [[Control unit|Control structures]] and [[Microcode|microprogramming]]

::B.2 [[Arithmetic logic unit|Arithmetic and logic structures]]

Section E, on [[data]], includes subtopics on [[data structure]]s, data storage representations, [[Encryption|data encryption]], [[Coding theory|coding]] and [[information theory]], and [[Computer file|file]]s.

::B.3 [[Computer storage|Memory structures]]

::B.4 [[Input/output|Input/output and data communications]]

Section F of the classification includes several topics from the [[theory of computation]]: [[Abstract machine|computation by abstract devices]], [[analysis of algorithms]] and [[Complexity theory|problem complexity]], [[Formal methods|logics and meanings of programs]], [[mathematical logic]], and [[formal language]]s.

::B.5 [[Register transfer level|Register-transfer-level implementation]]

::B.6 [[Logic design]]

Section G contains topics involving the mathematics of computing. Its subtopics are [[numerical analysis]], [[discrete mathematics]], [[probability and statistics]], and [[mathematical software]].

::B.7 [[Integrated circuit]]s

::B.8 [[Performance tuning|Performance]] and [[Reliability engineering|reliability]]

Section H is on [[information systems]]. It includes subtopics for models and principles, [[Database|database management]], information storage and [[Information retrieval|retrieval]], information systems applications, and information interfaces and presentation (e.g., [[Human-computer interaction|HCI]]).

:C. [[Computer organization|Computer systems organization]]

::C.1 [[Central processing unit|Processor architectures]]

Section I, on computing methodologies, covers a diverse set of subtopics concerning different application areas of computation: [[Symbolic mathematics|symbolic and algebraic manipulation]], [[artificial intelligence]], [[computer graphics]], [[image processing]] and [[computer vision]], [[pattern recognition]], [[Computer simulation|simulation and modeling]], and [[Document processing|document and text processing]].

::C.2 [[Computer networking|Computer-communication networks]]

::C.3 Special-purpose and application-based systems

Section J also covers computer applications, but with a focus more on the different application areas and less on the different styles of computation one does in each of those areas. Its subtopics are administrative data processing, [[Scientific computing|physical sciences and engineering]], [[Bioinformatics|life and medical sciences]], social and behavioral sciences, [[Digital art|arts]] and [[The Digital Humanities|humanities]], [[computer-aided engineering]], and computers in other systems.

::C.4 [[Performance tuning|Performance of systems]]

::C.5 [[Implementation|Computer system implementation]]

The final section of the 1998 classification, section K, has as its title Computing Milieux. The subtopics of this section are [[Computer industry|the computer industry]], [[History of computer science|history of computing]], [[Educational technology|computers and education]], computers and society, [[legal aspects of computing]], management of computing and information systems, the computing profession, and [[Personal computer|personal computing]].

:D. [[Software]]

::D.1 Programming techniques

::D.2 [[Software engineering]]

::D.3 [[Programming language]]s

::D.4 [[Operating system]]s

:E. [[Data]]

::E.1 [[Data structure]]s

::E.2 Data storage representations

::E.3 [[Encryption|Data encryption]]

::E.4 [[Coding theory|Coding]] and [[information theory]]

::E.5 [[Computer file|File]]s

:F. [[Theory of computation]]

::F.1 [[Abstract machine|Computation by abstract devices]]

::F.2 [[Analysis of algorithms]] and [[Complexity theory|problem complexity]]

::F.3 [[Formal methods|Logics and meanings of programs]]

::F.4 [[Mathematical logic]] and [[formal language]]s

:G. Mathematics of Computing

::G.1 [[Numerical analysis]]

::G.2 [[Discrete mathematics]]

::G.3 [[Probability and statistics]]

::G.4 [[Mathematical software]]

:H. [[Information Systems]]

::H.1 Models and principles

::H.2 [[Database|Database management]]

::H.3 Information storage and [[Information retrieval|retrieval]]

::H.4 Information systems applications

::H.5 Information interfaces and presentation (e.g., [[Human-computer interaction|HCI]])

:I. Computing Methodologies

::I.1 [[Symbolic mathematics|Symbolic and algebraic manipulation]]

::I.2 [[Artificial intelligence]]

::I.3 [[Computer graphics]]

::I.4 [[Image processing]] and [[computer vision]]

::I.5 [[Pattern recognition]]

::I.6 [[Computer simulation|Simulation and modeling]]

::I.7 [[Document processing|Document and text processing]]

:J. Computer Applications

::J.1 Administrative data processing

::J.2 [[Scientific computing|Physical sciences and engineering]]

::J.3 [[Bioinformatics|Life and medical sciences]]

::J.4 Social and behavioral sciences

::J.5 [[Digital art|Arts]] and [[The Digital Humanities|humanities]]

::J.6 [[Computer-aided engineering]]

::J.7 Computers in other systems

:K. Computing Milieux

::K.1 [[Computer industry|The computer industry]]

::K.2 [[History of computer science|History of computing]]

::K.3 [[Educational technology|Computers and education]]

::K.4 Computers and society

::K.5 [[Legal aspects of computing]]

::K.6 Management of computing and information systems

::K.7 The computing profession

::K.8 [[Personal computer|Personal computing]]

==External links==