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'''Semi-cursive script''', also known as '''running hand script''', is a style of [[Chinese calligraphy|calligraphy]] which emerged in [[China]] during the [[Han dynasty]]. The style is used to write [[Chinese characters]] and is abbreviated slightly where a character’s strokes are permitted to be visibly connected as the writer writes, but not to the extent of the [[Cursive script (East Asia)|cursive style]].<ref name=":0">{{
One of the most notable calligraphers who used this style was [[Wang Xizhi]], known for his work ''[[Lantingji Xu|Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection]]'' (''Lantingji Xu''), produced in 353 CE. This work remains highly influential in China, as well as outside of China where calligraphy using Chinese characters are still in practice, such as [[Japan]] and [[Korea]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Li|first=Wendan|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780824860691|title=Chinese Writing and Calligraphy|date=2010-05-31|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|doi=10.1515/9780824860691|isbn=978-0-8248-6069-1}}</ref> Although the original work is long lost, the work has been copied multiple times, even the mistakes within the work due to its high regard. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Chinese Calligraphy, the ancient art of handwriting in China|url=https://www.chinasage.info/calligraphy.htm|access-date=2021-05-28|website=www.chinasage.info}}</ref> In modern times, semi-cursive script has been used for writing with [[fountain pens]], and there have been proposals to allow for customizable fonts on computers.
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=== China ===
The semi-cursive style was developed in the
One of the most notable calligraphers to produce work using the semi-cursive style is Wang Xizhi, where his work, ''Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection'' was written in 353 AD.<ref name=":1" /> The work included the character [[:wikt:之|之]], a possessive particle, twenty-one times all in different forms. The difference in form was generated by Wang under the influence of having alcohol with his acquaintances. He had wanted to reproduce the work again since it was in his liking, but to no avail. Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection is still included in the some of the world’s most notable calligraphy works and remains highly influential in the calligraphy world.<ref name=":1" />
The semi-cursive style was also the basis of the techniques used to write with the [[fountain pen]] when Western influence was heavy in China, in the early 20th century.<ref name=":1" /> It has becaome the most popular script in In the digital age, it has been proposed to encode Chinese characters using the "track and point set" method, which allows users to make their own personalized semi-cursive fonts.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last1=Wu|first1=Yao|last2=Jiang|first2=Jie|last3=Li|first3=Yi|date=December 2018|title=A Method of Chinese Characters Changing from Regular Script to Semi-Cursive Scrip Described by Track and Point Set|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icime.2018.00041|journal=2018 International Joint Conference on Information, Media and Engineering (ICIME)|pages=162–167|publisher=IEEE|doi=10.1109/icime.2018.00041|isbn=978-1-5386-7616-5}}</ref>
=== Japan ===
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== Characteristics ==
Semi-cursive script aims for an informal, natural movement from one stroke to the next.<ref name=":0" /> Another distinct feature of this style is being able to pinpoint where each stroke originates and which stroke is it followed by. In order to be able to write in the semi-cursive style, the calligrapher should be able to write in the [[regular script]] and know the order the strokes should be written in.<ref name=":4" />
Many calligraphers choose to use this style when they need to write things down quickly, but still require the characters to be readable. In Japan, most calligraphy works are done in this style due to its ability to create a style unique to the calligrapher in a small timeframe.<ref name=":4" />
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