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It is also known that NMF is an instance of so-called "multinomial PCA".
<ref>Wray Buntine, "
When NMF is obtained by minimizing the [[Kullback–Leibler divergence]], it is also equivalent to another instance of multinomial PCA, [[probabilistic latent semantic analysis]],
<ref>Eric Gaussier and Cyril Goutte, "[http://eprints.pascal-network.org/archive/00000971/01/39-gaussier.pdf Relation between PLSA and NMF and Implications]", Proc. 28th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval (SIGIR-05), pp. 601-602, 2005. </ref> which has long been used for analyzing and clustering textual data.
== Uniqueness ==
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