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The approach of [[topological qubit]]s, which takes advantage of [[topological quantum field theory|topological effects in quantum mechanics]], has been proposed as neededneeding many fewer or even a single physical qubit per logical qubit.<ref name="Quantum Frontiers" /> Topological qubits rely on a class of particles called [[Anyon|anyons]] which have [[spin (physics)|spin]] that is neither [[Half-integer|half-integral]] ([[fermion]]s) nor [[integer|integral]] ([[boson]]s), and therefore obey neither the [[Fermi–Dirac statistics]] nor the [[Bose–Einstein statistics]] of particle behavior.<ref name="Wilczek anyons">{{Cite news|url=https://www.quantamagazine.org/how-anyon-particles-emerge-from-quantum-knots-20170228/|title=How 'Anyon' Particles Emerge From Quantum Knots {{!}} Quanta Magazine|last=Wilczek|first=Frank|date=2018-02-27|work=Quanta Magazine|access-date=2018-09-18}}</ref> Anyons exhibit [[braid symmetry]] in their [[World line|world lines]], which has desirable properties for the stability of qubits. Notably, anyons must exist in systems constrained to two spatial dimensions or fewer, according to the [[spin–statistics theorem]], which states that in 3 or more spatial dimensions, only fermions and bosons are possible.<ref name="Wilczek anyons" />
