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{{Countries of South America|prefix=Atlas of|suffix=}}

{{atlas-country

I like the [[Centrocaspian Dictatorship]]'s name

|short name = Colombia

|native = Colombia (Spanish)

|long name = Republic of Colombia

|map = LocationColombia.svg

|___location = South America

|status = Independent country since 1810, recognized 1819

|extra= {{extra-intro|Español|'''{{link|Colombia|es}}''' - República de Colombia<br>

La '''República de Colombia''' es un Estado Social de Derecho, organizado en forma de República unitaria, descentralizada, con autonomía de sus entidades territoriales, democrática, participativa y pluralista[1]. El territorio sobre el que Colombia ejerce soberanía se encuentra localizado en la zona noroccidental de América del Sur, es el único país en Sudamérica con costas en los océanos Pacífico y Atlántico, a través del Mar Caribe, asimismo, tiene soberanía sobre un tramo del río Amazonas en el trapecio amazónico, por lo que se le ha llamado "Patria de Tres Mares". Su nombre oficial es República de Colombia y su capital es Bogotá. Colombia limita continentalmente con Venezuela al este, Brasil al sudeste, Perú y Ecuador al sur, y Panamá al noroeste.}}

|capital = Bogotá

|population = 50,372,424

|surface = 1,141,748

|language = Spanish

|religion = Roman Catholicism

|intro = The '''Republic of {{link|Colombia}}''' is the northwesternmost country of South America. Colombia is bordered to the east by {{atp|Venezuela}} and {{atp|Brazil}}; to the south by {{atp|Ecuador}} and {{atp|Peru}}; to the North by the Atlantic Ocean, through the Caribbean Sea; and to the west by {{atp|Panama}} and the Pacific Ocean. Colombia is also the only country in South America that borders both the Atlantic and the Pacific Ocean}}

{{general-maps|country=Colombia}}

'''Anuak''' or '''Anywa''' is a [[Luo languages|Luo]] language which belongs to the [[Western Nilotic languages|western Nilotic]] branch of the [[Nilotic languages|Nilotic language family]]. It is spoken primarily in the Western part of [[Ethiopia]] by the [[Anuak people|Anuak]]. Other names for this language include: ''Anyuak, Anywa, Yambo, Jambo, Yembo, Bar, Burjin, Miroy, Moojanga, Nuro''.<ref>Raymond G. Gordon Jr., ed. 2005. ''Ethnologue: Languages of the World''. 15th edition. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics.</ref> Anuak, Päri, and Jur-Luwo comprise a dialect cluster.<ref>Reh, Mechthild (1996): Anywa Language: Description and Internal Reconstructions. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe. p.5</ref> The most thorough description of the Anuak language is Reh (1996) ''Anywa Language: Description and Internal Reconstructions'', which also includes glossed texts.

{{left|Image:Colombia in South America.svg|Location of Colombia in South America}}

==Phonology==

{{left|Image:Colombia - Location Map (2013) - COL - UNOCHA.svg|Cities}}

Anuak is notable for laking phonemic fricatives<ref>Steven Moran and Daniel McCloy and Richard Wright. 2019. Anuak sound inventory (PH).

{{left|Image:Colombia rel 2001.jpg|CIA map}}

In: Moran, Steven & McCloy, Daniel (eds.)

{{left|Image:Colombia departamentos otros.svg|Blank map of Colombia, with South America locator}}

PHOIBLE 2.0.

{{left|Image:Colombia ___location map (english).svg|Administrative divisions (english)}}

Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

{{left|Image:Colombia Mapa Oficial.svg|Detailed map of Colombia showing subdivisions and borders}}

(Available online at http://phoible.org/inventories/view/1165, Accessed on 2021-06-11.)

{{left|Image:Mapa de Colombia (relieve).svg|Relief}}

</ref>

{{left|Image:Mapa de Colombia (fronteras y tratados).svg|{{link|Borders of Colombia}}}}

===Consonants===

{{left|Image:Mapa de Colombia (departamentos).svg|{{link|Departments of Colombia}}}}

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"

{{left|Image:Mapa de Colombia (+municipios).svg|{{link|Municipalities of Colombia}}}}

! colspan="2" |

{{left|Image:Mapa de Colombia (tipos de municipios).svg|{{link|Districts of Colombia}} and departamental corregimientos}}

! scope="col" | [[Labial consonant|Labial]]

{{left|Image:Mapa de Colombia (áreas metropolitanas).svg|{{link|Metropolitan areas of Colombia}}}}

! scope="col" | [[Dental consonant|Dental]]

{{left|Image:Mapa de Colombia (provincias).svg|{{link|Provinces of Colombia}}}}

! scope="col" | [[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]

{{left|Image:Mapa de Colombia (regiones naturales).svg|Natural regions}}

! scope="col" | [[palatal consonant|Palatal]]

{{left|Image:Mapa de Colombia (ríos).svg|Rivers}}

! scope="col" | [[Velar consonant|Velar]]

{{left|Image:Mapa de Colombia (red vial).svg|Roads}}

|-

{{left|Image:Mapa de Colombia (ferrocarriles).svg|Railways}}

! colspan="2" scope="row" | [[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]

{{left|Image:Mapa de Colombia (parques naturales).svg|Natural parks}}

| {{IPA link|m}}

| {{IPA linkhistory|n̪Colombia}}

{{left|Image:Cambios territoriales de Colombia.png|Changes in the borders of Colombia since independence to the present day, according to the historiography of the country.}}

| {{IPA link|n}}

{{left|Image:Mapa del Territorio Muisca.svg|Muisca Confederation}}

| {{IPA link|ɲ}}

{{left|Image:Colombia MuiscaLocationMap.jpg|Muisca Confederation}}

| {{IPA link|ŋ}}

{{left|Image:Wayuumap.png|Wayuu Territory}}

|-

{{left|Image:Conquest of Colombia.png|Conquest of Colombia}}

! rowspan="2" scope="row" | [[Plosive]]/<br />[[affricate]]

{{left|Image:Colombia (1810).svg|{{link|Viceroyalty of New Granada}} 1810}}

! scope="row" | {{small|[[Fortis and lenis|fortis]]}}

{{left|Image:Gran Colombia in 1819.svg|Departments of {{link|Greater Colombia}} in 1819}}

| {{IPA link|p}}

{{left|Image:Gran Colombia in 1822.svg|Departments of {{link|Greater Colombia}} in 1820}}

| {{IPA link|t̪}}

{{left|Image:Gran Colombia in 1824.svg|Map of {{link|Greater Colombia}} showing the 12 departments created in 1824.}}

| {{IPA link|t}}

{{left|Image:Colombia (1835).svg|{{link|Republic of New Granada}} 1835}}

| {{IPA link|c}}

{{left|Image:Colombia (1847).svg|{{link|Republic of New Granada}} 1847}}

| {{IPA link|k}}

{{left|Image:Colombia (1853).svg|{{link|Republic of New Granada}} 1853}}

|-

{{left|Image:Colombia (1858).svg|{{link|Granadine Confederation}} 1858}}

! scope="row" | {{small|[[Fortis and lenis|lenis]]}}

{{left|Image:Colombia (1870).svg|{{link|United States of Colombia}} 1863}}

| {{IPA link|b}}

{{left|Image:Colombia (1905).svg|Colombia 1905}}

| {{IPA link|d̪}}

{{left|Image:Colombia (1908).svg|Colombia 1908}}

| {{IPA link|d}}

{{left|Image:Colombia (1912).svg|Colombia 1912}}

| {{IPA link|ɟ}}

{{left|Image:Colombia (1916).svg|Colombia 1916}}

| {{IPA link|ɡ}}

{{left|Image:Colombia (1928).svg|Colombia 1928}}

|-

{{left|Image:Colombia (1942).svg|Colombia 1942}}

! colspan="2" scope="row" | [[Approximant]]

{{left|Image:Colombia (1958).svg|Colombia 1958}}

| {{IPA link|w}}

{{left|Image:Colombia (1966).svg|Colombia 1966}}

|

{{left|Image:Colombia (1990).svg|Colombia 1990}}

| {{IPA link|l}}

{{left|Image:Colombia (2000).svg|Colombia 2000}}

| {{IPA link|j}}

{{old-maps}}

|

{{left|Image:Terra Firma et Novum Regnum Granatense et Popayan - CBT 6621102.jpg|{{link|New Kingdom of Granada}} XVII Century}}

|-

{{left|Image:AGHRC (1890) - Carta I - Rutas de los conquistadores de Colombia.jpg|{{link|Spanish conquest of the Chibchan Nations}}}}

! colspan="2" scope="row" | [[Trill]]

{{left|Image:AGHRC (1890) - Carta II - Divisiones coloniales de Tierra Firme, 1538.jpg|{{link|New Kingdom of Granada}} 1535-1739}}

|

{{left|Image:AGHRC (1890) - Carta III - Presidencias de Santafé y Quito.jpg|Presidencies of Santafé and Quito}}

|

{{left|Image:AGHRC (1890) - Carta IV - Virreinato de Santafé y Capitanía General de Venezuela.jpg|{{link|Viceroyalty of New Granada}} 1739-1810}}

| {{IPA link|r}}

{{left|Image:AGHRC (1890) - Carta V - División política del Virreinato de Santafé, 1810.jpg|{{link|Viceroyalty of New Granada}} in 1810}}

|

{{left|Image:AGHRC (1890) - Carta XI - División política de Colombia, 1824.jpg|{{link|Greater Colombia}} 1819-1831}}

|

{{left|Image:AGHRC (1890) - Carta XII - División política de la Nueva Granada, 1851.jpg|{{link|Republic of New Granada}} 1831-1858}}

|-

{{left|Image:AGHRC (1890) - Carta XIII - División política de Colombia, 1886.jpg|{{link|Republic of Colombia}} 1886}}

|}

{{left|Image:Viajes Comisión Corográfica.svg|Corographic Comission, 1850-1858}}

{| class="wikitable"

{{other-maps}}

| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |

{{left|Image:Densidad pop col only Colombia.png|Population density}}

| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |Labial

{{left|Image:Mapa de Colombia (población por departamentos 2012).svg|Population density 2012}}

| colspan="3" rowspan="1" |Dental/

{{left|Image:Mapa de Colombia (venezolanos residentes en 2005).svg|Venezuelans in Colombia 2005}}

Alveolar

{{left|Image:Mapa de Colombia (población afrodescendiente 2005).svg|Afrocolombian population 2005}}

| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |Post-Alveolar

{{left|Image:Mapa de Colombia (población indígena 2005).svg|Indigenous population 2005}}

| colspan="1" rowspan="2" |Palatal

{{left|Image:Mapa de Colombia (esperanza de vida 2010-2015).svg|Life expectancy 2010}}

| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |Velar

{{left|Image:Mapa de Colombia (tasa de mortalidad materna 2010).svg|Infant mortality 2010}}

| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |Labio-Velar

{{left|Image:Mapa de Colombia (corporaciones autónomas regionales).svg|Regional autonomous corporations}}

| colspan="1" rowspan="2" |Glottal

{{left|Image:Colombia Pipelines map-fr.svg|Pipelines}}

|-

{{left|Image:Colombia econ 1970.jpg|Economic activity, 1970}}

|plain

{{left|Image:Colombia land 1970.jpg|Land use, 1970}}

|pal./lab.

{{left|Image:Usgs-glaciers-colombia.png|Location of glaciers in Colombia}}

|plain

{{left|Image:Dialectos Colombia.png|Map of the different accents that can be found within the Spanish language in Colombia.}}

|palatal

{{left|Image:Mapa de Colombia (resultados plebiscito acuerdo de paz 2016 por departamentos).svg|2016 Colombian peace agreement referendum}}

|lab.

{{left|Image:Mapa de Colombia (Regiones de la Policia Nacional).svg|National Police regional subdivisions}}

|plain

{{left|Image:Mapa Diocesis de Colombia.svg|Catholic dioceses}}

|palatal/lab.

{{atlas-end|Co-map.png}}

|plain

|palatal/lab.

|plain

|lab.

|-

| colspan="1" rowspan="4" |Plosive

|voiceless

|p

|

|t

|

|tʷ

|tʃ

|tʃʲ

|

|k

|kʷ

|kp

|kpʷ

|

|-

|prenazalized

|

|

|nt

|

|

|ntʃ

|

|

|ŋk

|

|

|

|

|-

|voiced

|b

|bʲ

|d

|

|

|dʒ

|dʒʷ

|

|g

|gʲ

|gb

|

|

|-

|prenazalized

|mb

|

|nd

|

|

|

|

|

|ŋg

|

|ŋmgb

|

|

|-

| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |Fricative

|f

|

|s

|sʲ

|sʷ

|

|

|

|ɣ

|

|

|

|h

|-

| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |Nasal

|m

|mʷ

|n

|

|

|

|

|ɲ

|ŋ

|

|

|

|

|-

| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |Approximant

|

|

|l

|

|

|

|

|j

|

|

|w

|

|}

[[Category:Atlas of South America|Colombia, Atlas of]]

=== Vowels ===

[[Category:Maps of Colombia]]

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"

[[Category:Atlas entries in progress fase 9]]

! rowspan="2" |

! rowspan="2" | [[Front vowel|Front]]

! colspan="2" | [[Back vowel|Back]]

|- style="font-size: x-small;"

![[Roundedness|Unrounded]]

![[Roundedness|Rounded]]

|-

! [[Close vowel|Close]]

| {{IPA link|i|i iː}}

|

| {{IPA link|u|u uː}}

|-

! [[Near-close vowel|Near-Close]]

| {{IPA link|ɪ|ɪ ɪː}}

|

| {{IPA link|ʊ|ʊ ʊː}}

|-

! [[Close-mid vowel|Close-mid]]

| {{IPA link|e|e eː}}

|

| {{IPA link|o|o oː}}

|-

! [[Open-mid vowel|Open-mid]]

| {{IPA link|ɛ|ɛ ɛː}}

| {{IPA link|ʌ|ʌ ʌː}}

| {{IPA link|ɔ|ɔ ɔː}}

|-

! [[Open vowel|Open]]

| {{IPA link|a|a aː}}

| colspan="2" |

|}

{| class="wikitable"

|

|Front

|Central

|Back

|-

|Close

|i

|ɨ ʉ

|u

|-

|Close-Mid

|e

| colspan="1" rowspan="2" |ǝ

|o

|-

|Open-Mid

|ɛ

|ɔ

|-

|Open

|a

|

|}

===Tones===

{|class="wikitable" style="margin:.6em 0;text-align:center"

|+

|-

!scope="col"| Description

!scope="col" | IPA

|-

! scope="row" | High

| ˦

|-

! scope="row" | Mid

| ˧

|-

! scope="row" | Low

| ˨

|}

== References ==

{{Reflist}}