Red avadavat: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 13:49, 14 October 2021

Revision as of 04:27, 4 November 2021

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Red avadavats are found mainly on flat plains, in places with tall grasses or crops, often near water.<ref name=pcr>{{ cite book | last1=Rasmussen | first1=Pamela C. | author1-link=Pamela C. Rasmussen | last2=Anderton | first2=John C. | year=2012 | title=Birds of South Asia. The Ripley Guide | volume=Volume 2: Attributes and Status | edition=2nd | publisher=Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History and Lynx Edicions | ___location=Washington D.C. and Barcelona | isbn=978-84-96553-87-3 | page=572 }}</ref> The species has four named subspecies. The nominate subspecies is called ''amandava'' and is found in [[Bangladesh]], [[India]], [[Nepal]] and [[Pakistan]]; the Burmese form is called ''flavidiventris'' (also found in parts of [[China]], [[Indonesia]], [[Thailand]] and [[Vietnam]]);<ref name=baker/> the population further east in Java is called ''punicea'' and in Cambodia, ''decouxi''.<ref>{{cite book|pages=192–193|title=Fauna of British India. Birds. Volume 2|author=Oates, EW|year=1890| publisher=Taylor and Francis, London |url=https://archive.org/stream/faunaofbritishin02oate#page/192/mode/1up/search/amandava}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=https://archive.org/stream/bulletinunitedst2261963unit#page/216/mode/1up/search/amandava|pages=216|year=1963| journal=United States National Museum Bulletin |volume =226| title=Checklist of the birds of Thailand| author=Deignan, H.G.}}</ref><ref name=paynter/><ref>{{cite book|author=Baker ECS |title=Fauna of British India. Birds. Volume 3|edition=2nd|pages=95–97| url=https://archive.org/stream/BakerFbiBirds3/BakerFBI3#page/n116/mode/1up/| publisher=Taylor and Francis|year=1926}}</ref>

Introduced populations exist in several locations worldwide: southern [[Spain]],<ref>{{cite journal|title=Une nouvelle espèce à classer parmi les oiseaux de la Péninsule Ibérique: ''Estrilda (Amandava) amandava'' L. (Ploceidae, Passeriformes)|trans-title= A new species for the Iberian Peninsula: ''Estrilda (Amandava) amandava'' L. (Ploceidae, Passeriformes)|author1=De Lope F. |author2=Guerrero J. |author3=De La Cruz C. |journal= Alauda| year=1984| volume=52| issue=4}}</ref> [[Brunei]], [[Fiji]],<ref>{{cite journal|last=Langham|first=N.P.E.|year=1987|title=The annual cycle of the Avadavat ''Amandava amandava'' in Fiji|journal=Emu|volume=87|pages=232–243|doi=10.1071/MU9870232|issue=4}}</ref> [[Egypt]],<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/handlistofbirdso00nico#page/29/mode/1up|page=30|title=Handlist of the birds of Egypt|author=Nicoll, MJ |year=1919| publisher=Government Press, Cairo}}</ref> Malaysia, the United States, [[Bahrain]], [[Guadeloupe]], Iran, Italy, [[Réunion]], Malaysia, Mexico, the [[Dominican Republic]], [[Martinique]], Portugal, Japan, [[Puerto Rico]], [[Singapore]] and Hawaii.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Oiseaux granivores exotiques implantés en Guadeloupe, à Marie-Galante et en Martinique (Antilles françaises)|trans-title= Seed eating exotic birds established in Guadeloupe, Marie Galante and in Martinique (French West Indies)|author1=Barre N. |author2=Benito-Espinal E. |journal=L'Oiseau et la Revue française d'Ornithologie|year=1985| volume=55| issue=3 |pages=235–241}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Ticehurst | first=C.B. |year=1930 |title= The Amandavat (''Aamandava amandava'') in Mesopotamia| journal= Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society |volume=34|issue=2|page= 576|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48296085}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22719614/94635498|title = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Amandava amandava|journal = IucnIUCN Red List of Threatened Species|date = October 2016}}</ref>

==Behaviour and ecology==

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Two ectoparasitic species of bird lice (an [[ischnocera]]n, ''Brueelia amandavae'', and an [[amblycera]]n, ''Myrsidea amandava'') have been identified living on them<ref>{{cite journal|author=Gupta, N.|author2=Kumar, S.|author3=Saxena, A.K. |year=2007 |title=Prevalence and population structure of lice (Phthiraptera) on the Indian Red Avadavat| journal= Zoological Science |volume=24 |issue=4|pages=381–383|doi=10.2108/zsj.24.000|pmid=17867828|s2cid=19494524}}</ref> and a [[Paramyxoviridae|paramyxovirus]] has been isolated from birds kept in Japan.<ref>{{cite journal |title=A new paramyxovirus isolated from an Amaduvade Finch (''Estrilda amandava'') |author1=Matsuoka, Y |author2=H Kida |author3=R Yanagawa |name-list-style=amp |year=1980 |journal=Jpn. J. Vet. Sci. |volume=42 |pages=161–167 |doi=10.1292/jvms1939.42.161 |issue=2 |pmid=7382234 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author1=Rékási, J. |author2=Saxena, A. K. |name-list-style=amp |year=2005| title= A new Phthiraptera species (Philopteridae) from the Red Avadavat (Amandava amandava)| journal= Aquila |volume= 112| pages=87–93|url=http://phthiraptera.info/Publications/46267.pdf}}</ref>

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== Gallery ==

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