Network interface device: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 15:29, 8 March 2021

Revision as of 04:23, 10 November 2021

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{{distinguishDistinguish|Network Device Interface|Network interface controller}}

{{More footnotes|date=June 2010}}

[[file:Network interface device ameritech.jpg|thumb|upright|Two simple NIDs, carrying six lines each, on the outside of a building]]

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== Naming ==

Generically, an NID may also be called a '''network interface unit''' (NIU),<ref name="1037cDEF" /> '''telephone network interface''' (TNI), '''system network interface''' (SNI), or '''telephone network box'''.

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== Wiring termination ==

The simplest NIDs are essentially just a specialized set of wiring [[terminal (electronics)|terminal]]s. These will typically take the form of a small, weather-proof box, mounted on the outside of the building. The [[telephone line]] from the [[telephone company]] will enter the NID and be connected to one side. The customer connects their wiring to the other side. A single NID enclosure may contain termination for a single line or multiple lines.

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== Environmental conditions ==

According to [[Telcordia]] GR-49, requirements for telecommunications NIDs vary based on three categories of environmental conditions:<ref name="Telcordia"/>

# Normal conditions: This refers to a normal environment that is expected in most areas of any service provider. Temperatures are expected to be in the range of {{convert|-20|–to|32|°C}}, and humidity is expected to be less than 90% RH. No unusual contamination is expected.

# Severe climatic conditions: These cover environments more severe than those of a normal environment (i.e., higher humidity, high lightning activity, exposure to salt-laden atmosphere, and exposure to contaminants). Temperatures are expected to be in the range of {{convert|-40|–to|43|°C}}, and humidity may exceed 90% RH. Jacks installed in NIDs in such environments are known to become contaminated and develop low insulation resistances and low dielectric breakdown voltages when subjected to high humidity. These problems can cause noisy lines or even service outages.

# Flooded conditions: These cover areas of a service provider prone to flooding, such as in coastal or flood plain locations. After a flooding incident, temperature is expected to be in the range of {{convert|4.5|–to|38|°C|0}}, and humidity may exceed 90% RH. The requirements are not to determine if the NID will function during a flood, but to review the ability of the NID to function after the flood has subsided.

Service providers must decide which condition best suits their application.

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* [[Channel service unit]]

* [[CSU/DSU]]

* [[Data service unit]]

* [[Customer premises equipment]]

* [[Customer premises wiring]]

* [[Data service unit]]

* [[Local exchange carrier]]

* [[Main distribution frame]]

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* [[User–network interface]]

== NotesCitations ==

{{reflist|refs=

<ref name="1037cDEF">{{cite web | title = network interface device | work = Federal Standard 1037C | publisher = [[National Telecommunications and Information Administration]] | ___location=United States | url = http://www.its.bldrdoc.gov/fs-1037/dir-024/_3522.htm | date = 1996-08-23 }}</ref>

<ref name="whatont">{{cite web | title = What is an Optical Network Terminal (ONT)? | publisher = Verizon Communications, Inc. | url = https://www22.verizon.com/foryourhome/fttprepair/nr/common/SupportDetail.aspx?case=c29587 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121006164612/https://www22.verizon.com/foryourhome/fttprepair/nr/common/SupportDetail.aspx?case=c29587 | archive-date = 2012-10-06 }}</ref>

<ref name="Telcordia">[http://telecom-info.njdepot.ericsson.net/site-cgi/ido/docs.cgi?ID=SEARCH&DOCUMENT=GR-49& GR-49-CORE] ''Generic Requirements for Outdoor Telecommunication Network Interface Devices (NIDs)''], Telcordia.</ref>

}}

== ReferencesGeneral references ==

{{refbegin}}

* {{cite web | title = Network Interface Device | publisher = Verizon Communications, Inc. | url = http://www22.verizon.com/wholesale/solutions/solution/NIDs.html | access-date = 2009-06-03 }}

* {{cite web | title = Network Interface Device (NID) V9.0 | publisher = Qwest Communications International | url = http://www.qwest.com/wholesale/pcat/nid.html | access-date = 2009-06-03 }}

* {{cite web | title = Functional Criteria for the DS1 Interface Connector | publisher = BellSouth | date = June 1993 | url = http://www.aniesoft.com/guides/TR-73569.pdf | access-date = 2009-06-03 }}

* {{cite web | title = Testing, Repairing and Installing Home telephone Wiring&nbsp;– Network Interface Device | publisher = Public Service Commission of Wisconsin | url = http://psc.wi.gov/utilityinfo/tele/teleConsumer/nid.htm | access-date = 2009-06-03 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090511224521/http://psc.wi.gov/utilityinfo/tele/teleConsumer/nid.htm | archive-date = 2009-05-11 | url-status = dead }}

* {{cite web | title = Checking the service at the Optical Network Terminal (ONT) | publisher = Verizon Communications, Inc. | url = https://www.verizon.com/support/residential/internet/fiosinternet/troubleshooting/connection+issues/questionsone/128000.htm | access-date = 2009-06-03 }}

{{refend}}

[[Category:Fiber to the premises]]

[[Category:Local loop]]

[[Category:Telephony equipment]]

[[Category:Local loop]]

[[Category:Fiber to the premises]]