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A key use of Bio-layer interferometry is to analyze and quantify interactions between sets of biomolecules.<ref name=":0" /> This is extremely useful in pharmaceutical research, in which biomolecule-membrane interaction determines characteristics of a given drug. Due to its ability to achieve high-resolution data and high throughput, BLI has been used to identify biophysical properties of lipid bilayers, allowing for an alternative method of study than the traditional [[in vitro]] methods currently used ([[microscopy]], [[electrophoresis]]).<ref name=":2" /> In addition, BLI can be used to study [[Effector (biology)|effector]] complex-target interactions. Where the traditional [[Electrophoretic mobility shift assay|Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay]] (EMSA) method can be used, BLI can act as a suitable substitute if the provided benefits (label-free, real-time measurements) are desired.<ref name=":1" />[[File:Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR).jpg|thumb|Overview schematic of Surface Plasmon Resonance|260x260px]]
=== Measuring Biomolecular Kinetics ===
Bio-layer interferometry can be used to analyze kinetics in biomolecular systems. Interference patterns found in BLI experiments can be used to calculate rate constants and other kinetic data in biomolecular interactions.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Wilson|first=Jo Leanna|last2=Scott|first2=Israel M.|last3=McMurry|first3=Jonathan L.|date=2010|title=Optical biosensing: Kinetics of protein A-IGG binding using biolayer interferometry|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/bmb.20442|journal=Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education|language=en|volume=38|issue=6|pages=400–407|doi=10.1002/bmb.20442|issn=1539-3429}}</ref> The (relatively) lower sensitivity of the BLI sensor results in less response to changes in sample composition. As a result, BLI can also be used to investigate [[Allosteric regulation|allosteric effects]] on enzyme conformational changes.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Shah|first=Naman B.|last2=Duncan|first2=Thomas M.|date=2014-02-18|title=Bio-layer Interferometry for Measuring Kinetics of Protein-protein Interactions and Allosteric Ligand Effects|url=https://www.jove.com/v/51383/bio-layer-interferometry-for-measuring-kinetics-protein-protein|journal=JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments)|issue=84|pages=e51383|doi=10.3791/51383|issn=1940-087X|pmc=PMC4089413|pmid=24638157}}</ref>
== Distinguishing Characteristics ==
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