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A '''Web query topic classification/categorization''' is a problem in [[information science]]. The task is to assign a [[Web search query]] to one or more predefined [[Categorization|categories]], based on its topics. The importance of query classification is underscored by many services provided by Web search. A direct application is to provide better search result pages for users with interests of different categories. For example, the users issuing a Web query
▲A Web query topic classification/categorization is a problem in [[information science]]. The task is to assign a [[Web search query]] to one or more predefined [[Categorization|categories]], based on its topics. The importance of query classification is underscored by many services provided by Web search. A direct application is to provide better search result pages for users with interests of different categories. For example, the users issuing a Web query “''apple''” might expect to see Web pages related to the fruit apple, or they may prefer to see products or news related to the computer company. Online advertisement services can rely on the query classification results to promote different products more accurately. Search result pages can be grouped according to the categories predicted by a query classification algorithm. However, the computation of query classification is non-trivial. Different from the [[document classification]] tasks, queries submitted by Web search users are usually short and ambiguous; also the meanings of the queries are evolving over time. Therefore, query topic classification is much more difficult than traditional document classification tasks.
== KDDCUP 2005 ==
KDDCUP 2005 competition<ref>[http://www.kdd.org/kdd-cup/view/kdd-cup-2005 KDDCUP 2005 dataset]</ref> highlighted the interests in query classification. The objective of this competition is to classify 800,000 real user queries into 67 target categories. Each query can belong to more than one target category. As an example of a QC task, given the query
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Since the manually labeled training data for query classification is expensive, how to use a very large web search engine query log as a source of unlabeled data to aid in automatic query classification becomes a hot issue. These logs record the Web users' behavior when they search for information via a search engine. Over the years, query logs have become a rich resource which contains Web users' knowledge about the World Wide Web.
* Query clustering method<ref>Wen et al. [http://portal.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=503108 "Query Clustering Using User Logs"], ''ACM TOIS, Volume 20, Issue 1, January 2002''.</ref> tries to associate related queries by clustering
* Selectional preference based method<ref>Beitzel et al. [http://portal.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=1229183 "Automatic Classification of Web Queries Using Very Large Unlabeled Query Logs"], ''ACM TOIS, Volume 25, Issue 2, April 2007''.</ref> tries to exploit some [[association rules]] between the query terms to help with the query classification. Given the training data, they exploit several classification approaches including exact-match using labeled data, N-Gram match using labeled data and classifiers based on perception. They emphasize on an approach adapted from computational linguistics named selectional preferences. If x and y form a pair (x; y) and y belongs to category c, then all other pairs (x; z) headed by x belong to c. They use unlabeled query log data to mine these rules and validate the effectiveness of their approaches on some labeled queries.
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