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In her book,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Isbell|first1=Lynne A.|title=The Fruit, the Tree, and the Serpent|date=2009|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yKzIuw4YBCoC&q=The+Fruit%2C+the+Tree%2C+and+the+Serpent+isbell&pg=PR7|publisher=Harvard University Press|language=en|isbn=9780674033016}}</ref> [[anthropologist]] Lynne Isbell writes that snakes evolved to be difficult to detect and mortally dangerous. Surviving the peril of snakes for millions of years required selective pressure favoring primates' specialized visual systems. Compared to that of other mammals, the [[Pulvinar nuclei|pulvinar]] region of the brain – which helps to visually detect relevant objects – is disproportionately large and effective in the brains of primates (including [[human]]s).
The concept of snakes being a special threat to humans has been confirmed by population-based studies. [[Ophidiophobia]] (phobia of snakes) is one of the most common and intense phobias among the general population. Furthermore, a study reported that around 50% of
== Empirical studies ==
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