[https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/java-card-tech.html '''Oracle Java Card<sup>TM</sup>''' '''technology'''] is a software platform technology that allows [[Java platform|Java]]-based applications ([[applet]]s) to be run securely on [[smart card]]s and more generally on similar secure small memory footprint devices.<ref name="Chen 2000">{{cite book | last=Chen | first=Z. | title=Java Card Technology for Smart Cards: Architecture and Programmer's Guide | publisher=Addison-Wesley | series=Addison-Wesley Java Series | year=2000 | isbn=978-0-201-70329-0 | url=https://archive.org/details/javacardtmtechno00zhiq | url-access=registration | access-date=9 April 2019 }}</ref>whichare called “secure elements” (SE). A Secure Element is a tamper-resistant hardware environment capable of securely hosting applications and their confidential and cryptographic data. The most common form of secure element is a one-chip secure microcontroller, found in smart cards and other removable cryptographic tokens. But new form factors have started to emerge though, from embedded SEs (a non-removable secure microcontroller soldered onto a device board) to new security designs embedded into general purpose chips. Java Card<sup>TM</sup> addresses this hardware fragmentation and specificities while retaining the openness and code portability brought forward by Java. Java Card<sup>TM</sup> is the tiniest of Java platforms targeted for embedded devices. Java Card<sup>TM</sup> gives the user the ability to program the devices and make them application specific. It is widely used in different[[Automated markets:teller wireless telecommunications within SIM cards and embedded SIM, payment within bankingmachine|ATM]] cards.<ref>{{Citation|last=Oracle Learning Library|title=Developing Java Card Applications|date=2013-01-30|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=khgT5dwKvOo |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211213/khgT5dwKvOo |archive-date=2021-12-13 |url-status=live|access-date=2019-04-18}}{{cbignore}}</ref> andNFCThe mobilefirst paymentJava andCard forwas Identityintroduced cards,in healthcare1996 cards,by and[[Schlumberger passports.Limited|Schlumberger]]'s Severalcard IoTdivision productswhich likelater gatewaysmerged arewith also[[Gemplus]] usingto form [[Gemalto]]. Java Card<sup>TM</sup> based products toare securebased communicationson with a cloud service for instance. End users ofthe Java Card<sup>TM</sup>technologyPlatform includespecifications mobiledeveloped operators,by financial[[Sun institutions,Microsystems]] governments,(later mobilea device[[subsidiary]] makers,of healthcare[[Oracle associations,Corporation]]). enterprisesMany andJava transportationcard authorities.products Standardsalso bodiesrely suchon atthe [[ETSI]],GlobalPlatform [https://globalplatform.org/specifications GlobalPlatform],for [[GSMA]]the andsecure others management leverageof Javaapplications Card<sup>TM</sup>on asthe partcard of(download, theirinstallation, specificationspersonalization, deletion).
The main design goals of the Java Card technology are portability, security and backward compatibilitysecurity.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Ahmed Patel |author2=Kenan Kalajdzic |author3=Laleh Golafshan |author4=Mona Taghavi | year = 2011 | title = Design and Implementation of a Zero-Knowledge Authentication Framework for Java Card | journal = International Journal of Information Security and Privacy | pages = 1–18 | volume = 5 | issue = 3 |publisher = IGI | url = http://www.igi-global.com/article/international-journal-information-security-privacy/58979 }}</ref>▼
The first Java Card<sup>TM</sup> was introduced in 1996 by [[Schlumberger Limited|Schlumberger]]'s card division which later merged with [[Gemplus]] to form [[Gemalto]]. Java Card<sup>TM</sup> products are based on the specifications by [[Sun Microsystems]] and continued [[Oracle Corporation]]. Many Java card<sup>TM</sup> products also rely on the GlobalPlatform specifications for the secure management of applications on the card (download, installation, personalization, deletion).
▲The main design goals of the Java Card technology are portability, security and backward compatibility.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Ahmed Patel |author2=Kenan Kalajdzic |author3=Laleh Golafshan |author4=Mona Taghavi | year = 2011 | title = Design and Implementation of a Zero-Knowledge Authentication Framework for Java Card | journal = International Journal of Information Security and Privacy | pages = 1–18 | volume = 5 | issue = 3 |publisher = IGI | url = http://www.igi-global.com/article/international-journal-information-security-privacy/58979 }}</ref>
