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==Technique==
Low osmolar contrast medium is used in this procedure with concentration of 150 mg/ml with 20 to 60 ml volume. Those who undergoes the procedure needs to be fasted for four hours before the procedure. Besides, antibiotics such as [[ciprofloxacin]] 500 mg to 750 mg can be given as [[antibiotic prophylaxis]] to prevent infection during the procedure. [[Sedation]] (to reduce irritability and agitation of the subject during procedure) with [[analgesia]] (painkillers) and vital signs monitoring should be set up. Before the procedure, bedside ultrasound is done to confirm the position of the dilated bile ducts in the liver. The puncture site is then marked. Bile ducts of the right liver is located in the intercostal spaces between anterior and mid axillary lines. Meanwhile, the bile ducts in the left lobe of the liver is located to the left side of the [[xiphisternum]] on the [[epigastric]] region.<ref name="Chapman 2018"/>
The number of attempts made to pass Chiba needle into the biliary tract does not affect the rate of complication but the likehood of success is related to the degree of dilatation of the biliary tract (larger dilatation means needle is easier to find its way into the biliary tract) and total number of attempts made.<ref name="Chapman 2018"/>
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