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==Complications==
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography may increase the incidence of metastasis, tube dislocation, and bleeding when compared to endoscopic biliary drainage. However, it has lower rate of cholangitis, pancreatitis when compared to endoscopic biliary drainage, probably because the latter has higher chance of incomplete drainage of infected bile, or accidental resection of papilla that causes the backflow of infected bile from the duodenum into the biliary system.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Duan |first=Feng |last2=Cui |first2=Li |last3=Bai |first3=Yanhua |last4=Li |first4=Xiaohui |last5=Yan |first5=Jieyu |last6=Liu |first6=Xuan |date=December 2017 |title=Comparison of efficacy and complications of endoscopic and percutaneous biliary drainage in malignant obstructive jaundice: a systematic review and meta-analysis |url=http://cancerimagingjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40644-017-0129-1 |journal=Cancer Imaging |language=en |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=27 |doi=10.1186/s40644-017-0129-1 |issn=1470-7330 |pmc=5644169 |pmid=29037223}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wang |first=Lei |last2=Lin |first2=Nanping |last3=Xin |first3=Fuli |last4=Ke |first4=Qiao |last5=Zeng |first5=Yongyi |last6=Liu |first6=Jingfeng |date=December 2019 |title=A systematic review of the comparison of the incidence of seeding metastasis between endoscopic biliary drainage and percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage for resectable malignant biliary obstruction |url=https://wjso.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12957-019-1656-y |journal=World Journal of Surgical Oncology |language=en |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=116 |doi=10.1186/s12957-019-1656-y |issn=1477-7819 |pmc=6612106 |pmid=31277666}}</ref>
==Percutaneous extraction of retained biliary calculi (Burhenne technique)==
Biliary calculi is seen on cholangiogram done on T-tube that was previously inserted into CBD. This procedure is contraindicated if T-tube is too small (less than 12 French), tortous T tube in tissues, [[acute pancreastitis]], and when there is another drain that is connected to the T-tube tract.<ref name="Chapman 2018">{{cite book | vauthors = Watson N, Jones H |title=Chapman and Nakielny's Guide to Radiological Procedures |date=2018 |publisher=Elsevier |isbn=9780702071669 |pages=117-118}}</ref>
==References==
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