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=== Diamond Search ===
Diamond Search (DS)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Zhu|first1=Shan|last2=Ma|first2=Kai-Kuang|title=A New Diamond Search Algorithm for Fast Block-Matching Motion Estimation|journal=EEE Trans. Image Processing|date=February 2000|volume=9|issue=12|pages=287–290|doi=10.1109/83.821744|pmid=18255398|bibcode=2000ITIP....9..287Z}}</ref> algorithm uses a diamond search point pattern and the algorithm runs exactly the same as 4SS. However, there is no limit on the number of steps that the algorithm can take.
Two different types of fixed patterns are used for search,
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=== Adaptive Rood Pattern Search ===
Adaptive rood pattern search (ARPS) <ref>{{cite journal|last1=Nie|first1=Yao|last2=Ma|first2=Kai-Kuang|title=Adaptive Rood Pattern Search for Fast Block-Matching Motion Estimation|journal=IEEE Trans. Image Processing|date=December 2002|volume=11|issue=12|pages=1442–1448|doi=10.1109/TIP.2002.806251|pmid=18249712|bibcode=2002ITIP...11.1442N|url=http://www3.ntu.edu.sg/home/ekkma/1_Publications_files/Adaptive%20rood%20pattern%20search%20for%20fast%20block-matching%20motion%20estimation%20%28IEEE%20TIP%20Dec%202002%29.pdf}}</ref> algorithm makes use of the fact that the general motion in a frame is usually [[coherence (physics)|coherent]], i.e. if the macro blocks around the current macro block moved in a particular direction then there is a high [[probability]] that the current macro block will also have a similar [[motion vector]]. This algorithm uses the motion vector of the macro block to its immediate left to predict its own motion vector.
Adaptive rood pattern search runs as follows:
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